Vickory prefix. What is the prefix, what is its meaning in English language. Reasons for the appearance of prefixes

1) other row. part of a compound word, prefix; 2) bill. payment after presentation without preferential payment. days Dictionary of foreign words that have reached the Russian language warehouse. Pavlenkov F., 1907. PREFIX 1) payment for a bill before the term. 2) part of the word before ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of Russian language

Prefix, payment, affix Dictionary of Russian synonyms. prefix noun Dictionary of Russian synonyms. Context 5.0 of Computer Science. 2012. pr… Glossary of synonyms

Tlumachny Dictionary of Ushakov

1. PREFIX (ed.) PREF'IKS1, prefix, chol. (Lat. Praefixus put in front) (gram.). The same ones that have a 3-digit prefix. 2. PREFIX2, prefix, person. (French préfix) (trading Finnish). Payment for the bill is due. || y value unchangeable adj.... ... Tlumachny Dictionary of Ushakov

PREFIX. Afix (div.), which stands in front of the base (div.). P. It appears in rich languages, and in European languages ​​it is rare. Here you can find the German language. P. ge is a formal sign of participium perfect., geschrieben, gelobt. Why are Russians fussing... Literary encyclopedia

prefix- (Wrong prefix) ... Dictionary of difficult words and words in the current Russian language

prefix- an indicator that consists of one or more digits, which allows you to select different types of number formats, timing and/or services (MCE T E.164). Topics of electrical communications, main… Adviser of technical translation

The value of a product, a valuable paper, which cannot be reduced or promoted. Glossary of business terms. Akademik.ru. 2001 ... Glossary of business terms

- (French prefix from Lat. praefixus attachments in front) (prefix), part of a word (affix) that comes before the root and changes its lexical or grammatical (e.g., aspectual) meaning... Great Encyclopedic Dictionary

I prefix m. The minimal significant part of the word that comes before the root and gives the word a new meaning; prefix (in linguistics). II pref ix m. Pre-stroke payment for the bill. Tlumachny dictionary of Efremova. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Today's Tlumachny Dictionary of Efremova

In this article we will look at what browser prefixes are, the reasons for their appearance and how they are used in CSS.

What is a prefix?

A web developer who begins to put the theoretical foundations of CSS and the vikory data into practice may run into problems when looking at real-world applications. This is how you can find out what is going on, and discourage the use of this technology.

For example, when looking at the styles of any web site, a web reader may encounter authorities, which should be preceded by such unintelligible words: -webkit-, -moz-, -ms- etc.

* ( -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; )

What's this? In reality, everything is simple, with simple words and prefixes of current browsers:

• -webkit-: browsers Chrome, Safari, Opera;
• -moz-: Mozilla Firefox browser;
• -ms- : Internet Explorer.

In this way, the name of the power is preceded by a prefix, which means that the given power is implemented and will be displayed exclusively in the designated browser. Reshta browsers should be ignored because For them this prefix is ​​unknown.

What are the reasons for the appearance of prefixes?

There were many reasons for the appearance of prefixes:

• To enable the browser of experimental CSS powers that have not yet been approved by the standard. Thus, browser developers conduct tests and make proposals before confirming the authority of CSS as a standard.
• To solve problems with cross-browser compatibility.
• For the creation of government authorities that do not comply with the CSS standard, you may have to report back in about an hour.

If the experimental authority is approved as a standard and has been tested in the browser, the prefix is ​​taken from it.

How to choose prefixes?

Let's look at the butt offensive code:

* ( -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; )

This code uses the power of CSS to change the width and height layout algorithm for all web page elements. The first CSS power -webkit-box-sizing with border-box values ​​is intended for browsers that use the webkit (Safari) or blink (Chrome, Opera, Yandex.Browser) engine. Another CSS power -moz-box-sizing with border-box values ​​is intended for browsers such as the Gecko engine (Mozilla Firefox). The remaining CSS power is intended for browsers in which this power has already been tested and introduced to the standard.

When choosing prefixes for CSS authorities, it is necessary to remember that their traces can be expanded to CSS authorities without a prefix. Why so important? It is important that if the browser implements the original authority (without a prefix), then the vikorist will be the one itself (since it will be modified by the rest), and not its experimental version.

For example: the power of CSS is limited to all elements of the web page in the Google Chrome browser version 40.

You can clearly see that the original power of box-sizing has already been introduced into this browser, and through those that are being expanded to the rest, the browser is used by itself, and not the power of -webkit-box-sizing.

How to check the support of singing jaundice in the browser?

The site on which you can check and implement this power and in a specific browser can be requested below. In addition, the site displays the number of users on the platforms that are associated with each version of the browser.

For example: let’s check how the transform power is implemented in browsers.

On the "CanIUse" site, browsers are identified by different colors, depending on which one is supported by the singing authorities or tags:

• Chervony straightcut - a browser in which this power is not implemented;
• A green rectangular with a hyphen, spread out at the top right corner - a browser in which this power is vikorist through a prefix;
• Light green upright - a browser in which this power is implemented frequently;
• Zeleny rectangular is a browser in which this power is implemented according to the standard.

It is necessary for us to say beforehand that English prefixes Do not change parts of the movie. Further, the spelling may be different. For example, the English have a hard time writing prefixes using a hyphen, just as Americans have a strong emphasis on spelling words together (and not just the same prefixes). In addition, the words tired, which are independent lexical units, are often written at once, and in separate forms the prefix can be reinforced. Thus, in similar texts of different national authorship, it is possible to co-operationі cooperation, re-writeі rewrite, ultra-violetі ultraviolet.

Now let's look at the meanings of various prefixes.

Negative prefixes: un-, in-, dis-, non-.

Prefixes un-, in-, as well as other options for the rest, like il-(before l), ir-(before r), im-(before mі p) change the meaning of the word on the cover. Most often the stench resembles the Russian prefix Not:

known (vidomy) – un known (unknown)
happy (happy) – un happy (unhappy)
official (official) – un official (unofficial)
popular (popular) – un popular (unpopular)
complete - in complete
direct (direct) - in direct (indirect)
legal (legal) – il legal (illegal)
logical (logical) - il logical (illogical)
regular (regular) - ir regular (irregular)
reversible (werewolf) - ir reversible
possible (possible) – im possible (impossible)
mortal (mortal) - im mortal (immortal)

Step lower prefixes in English language There is a great deal of Latin, but also Greek idiom. Most often, similar prefixes - the number of words that smell like vikorstan - appear in Russian.

Prefix dis- You can express both the list and the prolongation and understanding:

to like (to love) – to dis like (not to like)
proportional (proportional) – dis proportional (non-proportional)
to cover (cover) – to dis cover (viyavlyati)
connection (connection, connection) - dis connection (disconnection, shaving the connection)

Prefix non- Most often it is written with a hyphen, although Americans respect it for writing it better at once:

conformity (conformity) – non conformity
performance (viconanny) – non performance

Prefix re- conveys meaning to repetition, repetition. Often corresponds to the Russian prefix re-. Scientific and political vocabulary has a prefix re- it is necessary to finish drinking often.

Re -send the message, please. - Send a message once again, please.
re structuring – restructuring
re -export – reexport
to re sell – resell
to re do - refinish

Prefix mis- May have meaning wrong, wrong:

to mis spell – write incorrectly, have mercy on what is written
to mis understand – misunderstand
to mis lead – introduce into oman

Prefixes over-і under- meanings loom. First means ponad, supramorally, the other – not enough:

to charge (to charge a price) – to over charge (according to the price determined) – to under charge (indicates a reduced price)
to pay (pay) – to over pay (overpay) – to under pay (underpay)
to estimate (estimate) – to over estimate (re-estimate) – to under estimate (underestimate)

Prefixes pre-і post- The same is true for its meaning. First means before, the other – after:

pre -war (pre-war) - post -war (post-war)
pre historic (prehistoric)
post position

Prefix anti- resembles Russian anti-:

anti -terrorism (fight against terrorism)
anti -Semitism (anti-Semitism)

Prefix counter- resembles Russian counter-, against:

measure (entry) – counter measure (counter approach)
attack (attack) - counter attack (counterattack)

Prefix co- means the strength of the family, spivority:

operation (action) – co operation
existence (existence) - co existence

Inter- means in the middle, between, we can also convey reciprocity:

national (national) - inter national (international, international)
city ​​(place) – inter -city (mizhmіskiy)
dependent (fallow) - inter dependent (mutually dependent)

Prefix ex- May have meaning excessive, often avoided with a prefix, which is also in Russian language ex-:

ex -president (ex-president)
ex -wife (colossal squad)

Sub- Indicates Russian prefix under-:

paragraph (paragraph, clause) – sub paragraph
terraneous (ground) – sub terraneous (underground)

Prefix ultra- May have meaning over-, often avoids Russian ultra-:

ultra -short (ultra-short)
ultra violet (ultraviolet)

When children start school, they find out what a prefix is. About what this concept means and what groups it is divided into can be found in our article.

What is the prefix in Russian language?

We were called to the more simplified name of this concept - prefix. Prefix is ​​the Latin name for morpheme, which comes before the root. You can stay productive by additionally creating new words. For example, the word “garniy” evokes a completely different connotation with the prefix “not” - “ugly”. And the word “successful” can easily be transformed into the antonym “unsuccessful” with the additional morpheme “without”. In such a way, we are careful that the prefix not only creates new concepts, but also gives a hint to those already existing.

It’s a shame, since it’s categorically impossible to live the word without a prefix. We all know that it is correct to say “put”, but “put” is not possible every time! And having added the prefix to this word, we remove the entire lexical nest: put, put, put. This phenomenon, which has developed historically, flows into the current system of morphemics.

It is not enough to know what a prefix is. It is necessary to understand that this is what is needed. As a word maker, he also helps to give words the necessary meaning.

Let's look at the prefix "for". Vin can mean:

• completion of action: finish, finish;
• incidental action: run in, come in;
• cob: dance, scream.

It is necessary to be respectful when creating new words using additional attachments in order to eliminate unnecessary values.

Prefix groups

To better understand what a prefix is, it is clear how they are divided into categories.

The largest group is the constant prefixes. They create new words without changing the old circumstances. This category is considered to be unproblematic from a grammatical point of view, and there is no need to think about how to write them or learn the rules. For example: Jump, Talk, Run.

The offensive discharge is a prefix that ends with the addition of “Z” or “S”. Their spelling should remain in the literature as it comes after. If the jingle is loud or loud, then we write “Z”: Unguarded, Getting together. At times, if there is a deaf voice - “S”: Pokhіdny, RAS rospovisti.

A frequent mistake that comes up with boys is that they believe that this prefix is ​​an incorrect spelling of the inevitable prefix “C”. They wander with the order of “Z” and “S” and can write with a smile, if after it there is a voice call (for example, Zrobiti instead of Zrobiti).

The third group is perhaps the most difficult: PR and PR. There are so many culprits that you need to remember them. Often “PRI” is written when it means closeness (seaside), adornment (pin), finality (jump). “PRE” is used in this case if the same sign is used: PRECIOUS (even).

Pouch

Now you don’t have a clue about those who have the same prefix in the Russian language. The rule is to determine what a morpheme is, as it first stands on the cob of a word before the root. The versatility of Russian prefixes allows you to create without any problems the transfer of different types of sensors.