Battles on Khalkhin-Gol. Samurai grave Khalkhin-Gol Fighting at Khalkhin-Gol 1939

One of the unvoiced wars that fought the Radian Union was the battle at Khalkhin-Gol (11 May - 16 Spring 1939). This very war saw the end of Marshal Zhukov, who became the hero of the Mongolian Republic. The fighting took place in Mongolia, along the border with the puppet power of Manchukuo (created by the Japanese Empire) near the Khalkhin Gol River.

The first photo shows a tank attack by the RSCA. Khalkhin-Gol, Serpen 1939.

The beginning of a conflict

Since 1939, at the border of Mongolia, the Japanese carried out provocations, fired at border guards of the Mongolian People's Republic (MPR), and attacked their troops.

On the night of the 8th, the Japanese tried to seize the island on the Khalkin-Gol River, and the Mongolian border guards repelled the attack. On the 11th of May, the Japanese cavalry drove 15 km deep into the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic and attacked the border outpost, after reinforcements approached, the Mongols pushed the enemy to the cordon. On the 14th, the Japanese raid, supported by aviation, attacked the 7th border outpost of Mongolia, the Japanese occupied the height of Dungur-Obo, and on the 15th, to the occupied height, the Japanese transferred 2 companies and 8 units of armored vehicles.

The Radyansky Union was bound by the MPR “Protocol on Mutual Assistance”, our army reacted immediately: France on the 17th of July, the 57th Special Rifle Corps of M. V. Feklenko was sent to the conflict area, 22 Radyansky units were sent They threw the enemy to the cordon. On May 22-28, in the area of ​​the conflict, the parties concentrated their forces: on the side of the SRSR and the MPR there were close to 1000 people, the Japanese concentrated about 1600 people. On May 28, the Japanese attacked with the goal of driving away the Radian-Mongol forces and driving them across the river to the back bank of the river. Our forces arrived, the plan was completely ruined. On the 29th, our forces counterattacked and renovated the camp.

Moscow announced that it was protecting the cordons of Mongolia “as if it were our own power,” and the transfer of armored and aviation units had begun. So, for 1 Travnya there were 84 Litakas, for 23 Travnya – 147, for 17 Travnya – 267 Litakas.

Japanese infantry is transported through the Nar. Khalkhin-Gol.

The war started

There were no battles on land, but the battle for superiority raged in the wind. The first flight, a machine type R-5 SRSR, spent 22 rubles. The first contact between the UPU SRSR and the Japanese cried out in Moscow: on the 27th, the 1st squadron of the 22nd IAP (the most important aviation regiment) was broken up, and Major T.F. viguna, 4 more vinishuvachi left the battle and the villages For the same reason, of the four pilots that were lost, two died. One bolt of injuries.

On the 28th May, the 4th squadron of the 22nd IAP was completely depleted: 10 pilots - 5 died or became unknown, three were wounded. Pilots, who had little experience of the fighting in Spain and China, began to arrive on the cob, as instructors and organizers. It can be said that the pilots, who were not short of battles, quickly adopted their knowledge, so we can talk about their overall good preparation. A group of pilots and technical guards from 48 individuals, including the intercessor of the head of the UPS RSChA Y.V. Smushkevich, in addition to another 16 pilots were named Hero of the Radyansky Union, they were divided into parts and began before I have a special warehouse.

Japanese Vinishuvach Ki 27.

I-153 squadron of the third squadron 56 IAP Major Cherkasov. Reconstruction by Volodymyr Zagorodnev.

The Japanese UPS had 274 flights at the beginning of the war in Manchuria and Korea, so the numerical superiority of the stink was small. The Japanese in the conflict area had 77 aircraft, 24 twin-engine bombers, 28 single-engine aircraft (spreaders, light bombers).

Another reason that accounted for the great expenses of the Radyansky UPS (in one hour of the entire war the USSR spent 207, and Japan - 162-164 litakas), was the massive victoriousness of the victorious biplanes. So, already 22 rubles were spent in the battle with the Japanese, 13 out of 49 I-15s (27%) who took part, and only one out of 13 I-16s. The commander of the 4th squadron of the 22nd IAP, pilot Yevgen Stepanov (from the “school” of Spain), forcefully landed the I-15 with a broken engine. Biplanes showed themselves well in Spain and in 1939 they became the most guilty of the USSR, although China already received alarming information. There our pilots got excited about the Swiss Japanese monoplanes.

On June 22-28, the battles were baked, and on the 27th of France, the Japanese Air Force launched a rapt attack on Radyansky airfields, they spent 5 letaks, and 19. During these days, the Japanese Air Force spent approximately 90 letaks , mi 38.

The main and most current monoplane of the Radyansky VPS in these battles was the I-16 monoplane, which is why it itself allowed the situation to turn to the core of the VPS RSChA.

The strategic planning for the aviation industry and the UPS was also successful: the Radian military doctrine conveyed the readiness to fight two wars at the same time - one at a time and one at a time. And for which the material base was created, the Radian aviation industry did not create two groupings of aviation, and could immediately renew expenses. This allowed in 1938 the UPU to support our military forces during the conflict in Khasan and at the same time to prepare 2000 troops in the Western strategic direction, ready to support Czechoslovakia. In 1939, the troops at the Skhodya UPS fought at Khalkin-Gol and simultaneously supported the operation to annex Western Belarus and Western Ukraine.

The Soviet Socialist Republic had achieved a great advance on the front with Japan, and the first half of the Serpny received new reinforcements - about 200 airmen. Until the middle of the sickle, together with the Mongolian P-5s, the Radian Airborne Forces had up to 558 combat aircraft, more than the Japanese. Of these, 181 flights were SB bombers, which became the main striking force of the UPS as they broke through the Japanese front line at the onset of the 20th sickle. Japan, through a weak industrial base and an overnight war with China (which destroyed most of the UPU forces), was unable to increase its strength. At the end of the conflict, at Veresna, they were able to transfer 60 old Vinishchuvach aircraft, increasing their strength to 295 aircraft. In addition, the Japanese have a significant number of experienced pilots, and their wastage was inappropriate.

In the first half of the spring there were 7 military battles, the largest on the 15th of spring 1939 (the day before the armistice) - 120 Japanese fighters against 207 civilians.

The ongoing battles on Khalkin-Gol are unique in that significant forces of the parties clashed in a small area. The stench showed the importance of fuel and materiel, the need for increased fluidity by pilots and equipment.

Khalkin-Gol, summer 1939. Preparing Vinishuvach I-15 for combat.

Khalkin-Gol. Chervona zirka against the Emerging Sun. I-16 versus Nakajima Ki.27.

Kutsevalov Timofiy Fedorovich (1904–1975), Hero of the Radyansky Union.

Fighting on land

Zhukov was sent to Khalkin-Gol as an inspector, and I think that having accepted his direction Budyonny, the old marshal respected Zhukov as a tough and powerful division commander. On May 30, Zhukov sent a critical message to Moscow, informing him that the Corps Corps had “little organizations and insufficient goals.” On the cob of worms N.V. Feklenko was sent to Moscow, and Zhukov was appointed to his place, brigade commander M.A. Bogdanov became his chief of staff. This is an example of the Stalinist personnel principle: if you criticize, show yourself what you mean, Zhukov denied the chance to see each other.

Nezabar's new headquarters established a plan: active defense on the bridgehead behind Khalkhin Gol and preparation of a counterattack from the Japanese grouping. The God of War gave Zhukov an hour to prepare, the battles ended in the evening, and there were no great battles on land.

The Japanese did not sit with their hands clasped and at the end of the month they were preparing their operation, which was intended to sharpen and reduce the strength of the RFCA on the converging birch river, cross the river and break through the Radyansky front. The Japanese attacked with 2 linden trees, crossed the river and buried Mount Bayan-Tsagan 40 km from the cordon, the situation was difficult. The Japanese forces, immediately developing success, quickly established a bridgehead. Zhukov, responding to the powerful fear and risik, to tidy up the camp, asked for fear from the Russian army reserve - the 11th tank brigade of brigade commander M.P. Yakovlev with the Mongolian armored division, without support of the rifle regiment. The brigade was destroyed, the Japanese were defeated, although more than half of the armored vehicles were lost, otherwise the situation was ruined. More units arrived, the Japanese began to arrive to subdue them, the Japanese command landed in a single pontoon place, and before the 5th had already begun. The Japanese lost more than a thousand people, including all their armored vehicles and artillery.

Yakovlev, Mikhailo Pavlovich (18 leaf fall 1903 - 12 leaf fall 1939), Hero of the Radyansky Union posthumously.

Damaged Radian armored car BA-10.

At the descent of the birch, the Radian forces reached the river, having shortened their bridgehead, otherwise they would be defeated. In order to completely eliminate the threat of the MPR, it was necessary to defeat the Japanese at the border and renew the cordon. Zhukov began planning an offensive operation. The Japanese also planned an offensive operation, even without forcing the river. They wanted to settle on the poor Radyansky bridgehead.

Additional forces were gathered: the 82nd rifle division, the 37th tank brigade, in the Transbaikal military district, they carried out partial mobilization and two new divisions were formed. A battalion of border guards was transferred from the Trans-Baikal district to protect the MPR cordon, the stench was clouded by dozens of Japanese intelligence officers. The 57th Corps was reorganized into the 1st Army (Front) Group.

The number of Radian forces grew to 57 thousand fighters, the army group was small - 542 armored vehicles and mortars, about 500 tanks, 385 armored vehicles and 515 combat aircraft. The Japanese, a specially created 6th Army, had over 75 thousand people, 500 tanks, 182 tanks.

8-11 linden trees were sharpened by battles on the river, and the Radyansky positions were lost. 13-22 linden was quiet, the Radyan side established a bridgehead, and the 24th Motorized Rifle Regiment I was transferred to it. I. Fedyuninsky and the 5th rifle-kulemet brigade. On the 23rd-24th, the Japanese attacked, but were unable to dislodge our forces from the bridgehead.

M. A. Bogdanov.

Komkor Zhukov and Marshal Choibalsan.

Defeat of the enemy

Radyansk training took place in a very dark place, all movements took place only at night, radio conversations were carried out about the preparation of defense and plans for the autumn-winter campaign, at night the sound installations broadcast the sounds of tanks and aircraft transferring , so that the Japanese would ring out until the end of the night, further approaches were carried out with the aim of repelling the enemy . to Oman.

The resulting attack produced 20 sickles, becoming unstoppable for the Japanese army; the Japanese themselves planned to strike with 24 sickles. This was a classic operation with flank attacks by mechanized and tank units, with the goal of sharpening and defeating the enemy in the area between the Khalkin-Gol River and the sovereign cordon of the MPR. This evidence of the Red Army, under the command of Zhukov, occurred before the attacks of the Wehrmacht in Poland, France, and the USSR. The attack was carried out by three groups: the Pivdenna group commanded the lead blow (Colonel M.I. Potapova), the Pivnichna group commanded the additional blow (Colonel I.P. Aleksienko), and the Central group pinned down the enemy in battle (brigade commander D.I. Petrov).

At 06:15 artillery preparation and airstrikes began, and at 09:00 the ground forces went on the attack. Most of the fighting took place on the Central line, where the enemy was heavily fortified. On the 21st-22nd, Zhukov received a reserve - the 9th motorized armored brigade; on the 23rd, on the Central line, he had the opportunity to introduce the remaining reserve - the 212th airborne brigade and two companies of border guards. They actively assisted the UPS, and in just 24-25 sick days the bombers killed 218 combat viliots. The Japanese command was unable to direct the head attack and provide immediate assistance to its flanks. Until the 26th sickle, the sharpening was completed and significant forces of the 6th Japanese Army were sunk into the “cauldron”.

The Japanese soldiers showed their best side, they fought until the end, they did not give up, they tried to unblock their strength, or they were defeated. Until the 31st sickle, the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic was cleared of the Japanese.

On the 4th and 8th springs, Japanese forces tried to occupy the Mongol border territories, but were defeated, at great cost (about 500 more killed).

On the 15th of April 1939, an agreement was signed between the Russian Union, Mongolia and Japan regarding the settlement in the area of ​​the Khalkhin-Gol River, which was the restoration of authority on the 16th of May. The remaining regulation of the conflict was in the grass of 1942, a residual agreement was signed about the regulation of the problem: there was a compromise, much to the benefit of Japan, the regulation of cordons with the settlement of old maps. The SRSR was in a twisted state and it was diplomatically incorrect to push on its own. True, the situation only arose until 1945, when the Mongolian People's Republic reversed the concession of the plot to 1942.

Pouches:

The demonstration of the military power of the USSR on Khasan and Khalkin-Goli showed Tokyo the whole insecurity of the war with the Red Army and became the main reason for the choice of the Japanese main direction of expansion - Pivdenny. And even though Germany's previous attack on the Soviet Socialist Republic was of little military-strategic significance, we recaptured a seemingly safe position on the Skhod.

Khalkin-Gol became the beginning of Zhukov’s miraculous career, and before us one of the numerous commanders became the commander of one of the most important military districts of the country - Kiev and the chief of the General Staff.

Michitaro Komatsubara, during the military operation of the Imperial Army of Japan along the Khalkhin-Gol River, laid his hands on himself in the spring of 1940.

Memorial "Zaisan", Ulaanbaatar.

The battles on the Mongol-Manchu border between the Radyan-Mongolian and Japanese troops, during which the Radyansky armies under their commands carried out a classic deep offensive operation with sharpening and complete defeat of the enemy. Tanks, aircraft, and artillery are actively involved in the battle.

The end of the 30s. The 20th century was characterized by a great increase in international tension. With this militarization, Germany and Japan pursued an active policy of expanding their territories beyond the borders of neighboring powers. To become active in this plan and the Radyansky Union. Its interests in the Far East converged with the interests of Japan.

The name of the great battle that took place in Mongolia between the two powers - “Khalkin Gol” - is often replaced by the term “Incident at Nomon Khan” (after the name of the border mountain), without provoking the Radian sides oh, to show your military strength.

Perhaps it’s not like that at all. Undoubtedly, during the battles of the Far East, the USSR developed schemes for conducting deep offensive operations, as a way of taking advantage of the upcoming war in Europe. There are no illusions about the drive of the generosity of Radyansky’s friendship with the countries oppressed and buried by all sorts of aggressors. Even among the new “friends” of the Stalinist regime, besides the upcoming “16th Radian Republic” of Mongolia (before the speech, known at that time only by the Radyansky Union), Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Moldova, Western Ukraine were mentioned Yena. Finland experienced the power of the friendly Radyansky rostashuvannya. However, Japan's goals were no more noble. The aggressive power was militarized and tried to secure its military bridgehead, invaded foreign territories, and created fortifications in the military region here. The actions of the Japanese in Outer Mongolia can be assessed as aggressive.

* * *

At 30 rocks. The Japanese army invaded China, occupied the entire territory of Manchuria, creating here the puppet state of Manchukuo, which was then installed by Emperor Pu I. Manchuria was converted by Japan into a springboard for aggression against the USSR, Mongolia and China. The first sign of aggression was the Japanese invasion of Lipnya in 1938. to the Radyansky territory of the lake. Hassan. This bordering dark land is not noticeable in anything special, it is cut by hills, river valleys, it has become a place of speculative matters. The Radyansky troops achieved a great victory here in the midst of inveterate battles.

The Japanese believed that the redemption of the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic provided great strategic benefits. The chief of staff of the Kwantung Army, General Itagaki, said that Mongolia “is even more important in view of the Japanese-Manchu influx today, as it is the flank of the defense of the Trans-Siberian railroad, which unites the Radyans.” territories of Far Similarities in Europe. If Outer Mongolia will be united with Japan and Manchukuo, then the Radyansky territories in the Far Gathering will appear at a very important stage and it will be possible to reduce the influx of the Radyansky Union into the Far Gathering without any special consequences skovyh zusil. Therefore, the army intends to expand the Japanese-Manchurian invasion of Outer Mongolia by any means.

In Manchuria, on the cordons of the Radian Union and the Mongolian People's Republic, the Japanese created 11 fortified areas, and placed strong military garrisons in the settlements of the sovereign cordons; There were stinks and the highway roads were completely stinking. Pivnichny and Pivnichno-Skhidnaya Manchuria had a mainly grouped Kwantung Army. Until the summer of 1939 The number here was increased to 350 thousand. people; in the group there were more than a thousand artillery units, 385 tanks and 355 soldiers.

The Japanese command, in addition to the Harbin - Qiqihar - Hailar (KZZ) route, gave rise to a new strategic route from Solunya to Halun - Arshan and further to Ganchzhur. It was carried out bypassing the wetlands of the Great Khingan ridge and went slightly parallel to the Mongol-Manchu cordon, in places just two or three kilometers away.

The Japanese were afraid that the Khalun-Arshan-Ganchzhur climb could detect targeted fire from the pannikov hills on the junction of the Khalkhin-Gol birch. In connection with this, it was likely that part of the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic would be plundered to the river. With this territory, the threat of a strategic invasion could be posed, as well as the possibility of a strike against the Japanese troops concentrated in the Hailar fortified area. It could become a major springboard for military operations against the MPR and the Radyansky Union.

In the face of military tension and the threat of a military attack, the SRSR experienced approaches of a diplomatic military nature. Another 12 Bereznya 1936 r. The Radian-Mongolian Protocol on mutual assistance was signed. Evidently, units of the Red Army were sent to Mongolia, from which the 57th Special Corps was formed. The Radyansky District officially declared that “the cordon of the Mongolian People’s Republic, by virtue of the agreement on mutual assistance established between us, we will protect ourselves as much as we will our power.”

Until the summer of 1939 at the warehouse of the Radyansky troops in the Far Gathering, the 1st Okrema of the Chervonoprepornaya Army was under the command of the commander of the 2nd rank R. M. Stern, the 2nd Okrema of the Chervonoprepornaya Army of the Corps I. Z. Koneva, Trans-Baikal Military District (Commander Corps Corps (F. N. Remizov). The operational subordinate of the 1st Branch Chervonoprapor Army had the Pacific Fleet, 2nd Branch Chervonoprapor Army - Chervonoprapor to the Amur Flotilla, and the Transbaikal Military District - to the 57th a special corps stationed in the Mongolian People's Republic.

The work of many defensive areas on the most dangerous fronts was completed. A new operational unit was created for the air force units - the 2nd Army was revived. The rifle and cavalry units included tank battalions and mechanized police.

The Japanese command targeted a similar advance of the republic near the people's area. Khalkhin-Gol. The expansion of this area would have given the Japanese a low advantage. The Khalkhin-Gol River, 100–130 m wide and 2–3 m deep, has steep slopes, is swampy in many places, and in some places is highly accessible for military equipment. For a few kilometers away, a ridge of heights stretches out from it. There are a lot of pits near the river valley. At Khalkhin-Gol the Nar flows here. Khaylastin-Gol, which cuts the area of ​​military operations into two parts.

From the Manchu side, two zaliznytsia came close to this area; the nearest zaliznytsia post station for the Radian and Mongol armies, Borzya, was located at a distance of 750 km. Steppe and deserted area on the way out. Khalkhin-Gol was protected by very close border patrols, the outposts were located at a distance of 20–30 km from the sovereign cordon.

U travnі 1939 r. The Japanese military command brought approximately 38 thousand soldiers, 135 tanks and 225 airmen to the designated area of ​​combat operations. The Radian-Mongolian army, which defended itself against the people's gathering. Khalkhin-Gol on the front is 75 km away, and there are 12.5 thousand in its warehouse. fighters, 186 tanks, 266 armored vehicles and 82 aircraft. Due to the number of special forces and aviation, the enemy in the morning outweighed the forces of the Radian-Mongolian troops.

To substantiate their claims to the territory developed on the right birch of Khalkhin-Gol, Japanese cartographers fabricated detailed maps, on which the sovereign cordon passed by the river - more than 20 kilometers at the exit. її proper retouching.

May 11, 1939 Japanese units attacked the outposts of the Mongolian People's Army at the gathering of people. Khalkhin-Gol near the lake. Buir-Nur. The Mongolian warriors were about to reach the river. The fighting lasted here for ten days, but the stink did not bring much success to the Japanese.

The Radyansky command made a number of new moves to strengthen the military presence in the area of ​​military operations. On the cob of red in these directions, the intercessor of the military commander of the Belarusian military district with the cavalry division commander G. K. Zhukov. It is clear that “with these forces, like the 57th Special Corps of the MPR, it will be impossible to push forward the Japanese military adventure...” The Radyansky Head Command warmly praised the decision to strengthen the corps. Its commander was G. K. Zhukov. Nezabar began to receive fresh parts and supplies to help the Radian-Mongolian troops near Khalkhin-Gol. New aircraft (Chaika and I-16) were added to the strength of the aviation group.

On June 20, the commander of the Kwantung Army issued orders for the advance of the Japanese-Manchu troops near Khalkhin-Gol. On June 30, the commander of the 23rd Japanese division, Lieutenant General Kamatsubara, ordered his troops to go on the offensive. The plan of the Japanese command was reduced to an offensive one: going on the offensive on all the frontiers, capturing the Radyan units from the front, and then attack groups to bypass the left flank of the defense, cross the Nar. Khalkhin-Gol, occupy the height of Bayin-Tsagan in this region and give it to the Radian-Mongolian parts.

At the end of the 3rd century, the Japanese troops went on the offensive. Having forged Khalkhin-Gol, the stench developed a blow right next to the Bayin-Tsagan mountain. The battle was three battles, on both sides it took the part of about 400 tanks and armored vehicles, over 300 armored vehicles and several hundred airmen. Part of the Japanese group crossed to the left bank of the river. Khalkhin-Gol. Mount Bayin-Tsagan was occupied.

The Radyansky command sent motorized mechanized units from this area: the 11th tank brigade of brigade commander M.P. Yakovlev, the 24th motorized rifle regiment of Colonel I. I. Fedyuninsky. Until the 19th year, 3 years ago, the enemy attacked from three sides. Beat three hours at night and all day 4 days. Whenever the Japanese tried to launch a counterattack, they threw new units across the river and were defeated. On the morning of the 5th, the Japanese arrived (or rather, they ran) to the crossing. They were not grouped, they were pressed down to the river, the whole place was crushed. The enemy lost almost all the tanks, including part of the artillery, 45 airmen and nearly 10 thousand warriors and soldiers. On the 8th, the Japanese tried to take revenge for the defeat by going on the attack. After the bloody battle, the Japanese troops spent another 5.5 thousand. people were killed and wounded, there was a lot of confusion.

Unfazed by the Bain-Tsagan disaster, the Japanese were still willing to change the move for their own self-interest. On the serpen 1939 r. a “general offensive” was planned. Over the course of a month, the Japanese command transferred new units and units to the battle area. On the 10th September, the 6th Army was formed alongside General Ogisu Rippo. This army, which spread over a territory of 70 km along the front and 20 km in the depths, is small in its warehouse - 75 thousand people, 500 troops, 182 tanks, over 300 soldiers.

In its own right, the USSR praised the decision to help the Mongolian People's Republic on a large scale. Until the middle of the sickle, the Radian-Mongolian army had about 57 thousand troops, and they had 500 tanks, 385 armored vehicles, 542 guns and mortars, 2255 carts and 515 combat troops. So.

15 lipnya 1939 r. The 1st Army Group was formed (the group commander was R. Do. Zhukov, also a corps commander). The Mongol troops that operated in the battle area were occupied by Marshal X. Choibalsan.

A great deal of work was carried out with the help of the organization. Thousands of vehicles from the delivery station, which was, as already mentioned, in the great capital, delivered in a short hour 18 thousand tons of artillery ammunition, 6500 tons of ammunition for aviation, 15 thousand tons of burning materials ів, 7 thousand tons of paliv, 4 thousand tons of paliv , 4 thousand tons of firewood.

The idea of ​​the Radian-Mongol command was based on an offensive idea: having exhausted the strength of the Japanese troops from the front, launch a preliminary double-sided attack on the flanks at the frontier directly to Nomon-Khan - Burd-Obo, and then defend and defend the enemy between the people. Khalkhin-Gol and the sovereign cordon. For this purpose, three military groups were created. The lead blow was led by Colonel M.I.’s group. Potapov, which consisted of two divisions, tank, motorized armored brigades and several tank battalions, and an additional infantry group including Colonel I. V. Shevnikov. The central group under the command of brigade commander D. E. Petrov was placed in charge of capturing the enemy at the front.

Preparations for the operation were carried out in the best possible dungeon with extensive measures of operational masking and disinformation. The commanders of the paramilitaries were introduced to the course only 3–4 days before the operation, and the Red Army soldiers were introduced to the attack just before the 20th sickle. During the preparation, moves were made to create hostility among the enemy about the winter ahead of our units: pins were driven in, fences were put in place, and untruthful information was broadcast on the radio about the strengthening of troops and winter uniforms. Moreover, the orders were transmitted in a code known to the Japanese.

The Japanese command ordered a “general offensive” on September 24, 1939. Having outpaced the enemy for several days, the Radian-Mongolian army launched a decisive offensive on September 20. Over 150 bombers and heavy artillery fell on the battle formations of the enemy, his artillery positions. Nearly 100 Radyansky vinishuvachs protected from the attacks of enemy aircraft, who were concentrated in the outlying areas for the formation of part of the shock groupings of the Radyansky-Mongolian troops.

After intensive air and artillery preparations that lasted for 2 years 45 years, Radyan tanks attacked the attack. Following them, along the entire front, Radyan-Mongol infantry and cavalry units rushed towards the enemy.

The air strike and the artillery strike of the Radian-Mongolian armies were so intense and rapt that the enemy went on for years without inflicting a single artillery strike, the aviation did not inflict a single strike.

At that hour, the yak of the central Dylyani attacks were crumpled by the Golovni Japanski Sil, Pivenna Ta Pivnіchna, the shock of the Radyansko-Mongolian vіsyk, broke through the defense on the flanks of the il cones of the hunting of the opposite. The Japanese command threw a large number of tanks, artillery and aircraft against the Radian-Mongolian forces. Under their counterattack cover, infantry and cavalry began to cross more often. The battle flared up on every front.

Despite the overwhelming support of the enemy, at the end of the first day, serious success was achieved on the outer flanks of the conquered and primitive groups, where the cavalry units of the Radyan-Mongol armies defeated parts Neither the Japanese-Manchu cavalry attacked the designated cordons of the sovereign cordon.

Having assessed the situation, the commander of the 1st Army Group G.K. Zhukov decided to commit all reserve forces to the battle in a frontal direction. Rukhlya group under the command of Colonel I. P. Alekseyenka, having gone on the offensive, reached Nomon-Khan - Burd-Obo by the end of the 23rd Serp and the next day there was a fire connection with parts of the fallen group. The Japanese troops were completely exhausted. Attempts by the Japanese command to break through the ring fence with strikes from fresh reserves were not successful.

The Radian-Mongolian command began the planned reduction of the Japanese troops. At the same time, there was a sharpening of the external front, which consisted mainly of motorized armor, cavalry, aviation and private rifle troops, which went to the defense of the cordon, and the creation of the internal front of the riflemen. Parties, who began to strike at the enemy, were about to converge.

Having stopped at the cauldron, the Japanese troops most heartily repaired the operation, until the 31st sickles in the middle of their defense were liquidated. After the complete defeat of its ground group, the Japanese command began to try to defeat the Radian aircraft. However, this idea failed. By stretching the first half of the spring of 1939. The Radyan pilots fought very few battles, in which 71 Japanese pilots were killed. The great grouping of the Kwantung Army ceased to exist. On the 16th of April, the Japanese order of disturbances became aware of the defeat of their military forces and asked for the implementation of military actions. During the battles on Khalkhin-Goli, the Japanese spent nearly 61 thousand killed, wounded and killed, 660 troops, which is about the same number of military lanes. The trophies of the Radian-Mongolian armies were 12 thousand rifles, 200 guns, about 400 culets, and over 100 vehicles. The Japanese command at the new warehouse was alarmed by the situation at the installation. The commander of the Kwantung Army, General Ueda, and the chief of staff of the army, General Mosigan, were replaced.

Due to its scale and nature, the operation on Khalkhin-Gol was the largest operation at that time of the current armies, equipped with new military equipment. At Khalkhin-Gol, tanks and aircraft were first stationed on a massive scale. In several battles, the number of vehicles numbered in the hundreds, and during the decisive moments of the battle the number of troops rose to 300 troops. The creation of external and internal fronts to eliminate a determined enemy has become a new addition to the developments of military mysticism.

The defeat of the Japanese troops on Khalkhin-Gol confirmed, in the main, the correctness of the views on the conduct of offensive operations, as well as deep operations, in the Radian military theory. The Serpneva operation showed that its success was inextricably linked with the skilful maneuvers of the troops, the launch of counterattacks, the conquest of the frontiers, and the isolation of the area of ​​military operations by all types of military forces. Some of the enemy's reserves and the destruction of his communications. The effort to reach Khalkhin-Gol allowed us to draw up conclusions about the need to increase the strength of the artillery.

The battles on Khalkhin-Gol once again confirmed the growing role of reserves in the war and their role in the major moments of military operations. The introduction of army reserves, under the command of the army group G.K. Zhukov, allowed the enemy to significantly speed up the retreat.

Over 17 thousand fighters, commanders and political officers were fenced with district towns, 70 of them received the title of Hero of the Radyansky Union, among them the commander of the army group G. K. Zhukov; lyochchik Ya. V. Smushkevich, G. P. Kravchenko and S. I. The two Gritsevets became Heroes of the Radyansky Union.

July 29th, 2016

The Battle of Khalkhin-Gol is a silent local conflict that raged from the spring to the fall of 1939 along the Khalkhin-Gol River on the territory of Mongolia not far from the cordon of Manchukuo between the USSR and the Mongolian People's Republic on one side and the Japanese Empire and Manchukuo and others. The final battle was fought in the last days of the battle and ended with the complete defeat of the 6th Army of Japan.

Commissar of the 22nd Aviation Regiment, senior political instructor V.M. Kalachov at Vinischuvach I-153 "Seagull".

Komkor G.K. Zhukov on Khalkhin-Goli.

View of the command post of the Radyansky UPS on the Khamar-Daba mountain on Khalkhin-Goli.

Headquarters outline of the forward command post of the UPU of the 1st Army Group of the RSChA on Khalkhin-Gol.

The Chervonoarmy go to the field kitchen after the battles on Khalkhin-Goli Japanese military vehicle K_27.

Radyansky pilots-victims at I-16 at the airfield near Khalkhin-golu.

Radiansky planes "Douglas DC-3" at the Ulaanbaatar airfield.

Navigators of Radyansky pilots “Douglas DC-3” I. Dushkina I. Pryanishnikov at the Ulaanbaatar airfield.

Radyansky military servicemen and medical workers from the DC-3 aircraft on Khalkhin-Gol.

The attraction of the Radian wounded among the airmen on Khalkhin-Goli.

Japanese troops look at the fragments of a Radian fighter killed on Khalkhin-Goli.

Radyansky aviators and Marshal Kh. Cholbaisan at the reception before the Radyansky embassy in Ulaanbaatar.

Japanese soldiers pose with trophies buried during the battles at Khalkhin-Gol.

The Japanese, who squandered until the end of the day during the battles on Khalkhin-Gol.

Colonel of the Red Army examines the Japanese 20-mm anti-tank gun buried on the Khalkhin-Gol River.

Japanese cavalrymen race their horses during the hour of battle on the Khalkhin-Gol River.

A Japanese officer conducts guard during the fighting on the Khalkhin-Gol River.

Radyansky and Japanese officers at the negotiations about the outbreak of fire at Khalkhin-Gol.

The gunner of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Army is covering his troops.

Army commander 2nd rank G.M. Stern, Marshal of the MPR H. Choibalsan and Corps Commander G.K. Zhukov at the command post of Hamar-Daba.

Red Army soldiers with a Ba-20 armored car guard the ongoing battle on Khalkhin-Gol.

Pilot of the assault squadron of the 56th Air Regiment, Lieutenant S.T. Sailors at the I-15bis aircraft.

Radyansky aviators will fly on the Japanese captured staff car - all-terrain company "Kurogan" at the airfield in Mongolia.

Radyansky aviators play at the domino of Vinishuvach I-16 at the Mongolian airport Tamsag-Bulak.

Radyansky aviators from the Douglas DC-3 aircraft at the Ulaanbaatar airfield.

The crew of the BA-6 armored car of the 7th Radian motorized armored brigade on Khalkhin-Gol.

The commanders of the 11th Radyan tank brigade on Mount Bayin-Tsagan on Khalkhin-Gol before the attack.

Tanks of the 11th Radyan tank brigade with a BT-5 tank on Khalkhin-Gol.

Japanese soldiers look at the BT-5 Radyansky tank buried on Khalkhin-Goli.

Radian mortarmen with an 82 mm mortar on Khalkhin-Goli.

Radyansky cameramen look at the Japanese Type 94 tankette buried on Khalkhin-Goli.

Captain S.I. Gritsyovets and Major V.M. Spoiled at the airfield at Khalkhin-Gol.

Radyansk tank crews look around the Japanese tank Type 95 “Ha-Go” buried in Khalkhin-Gol.

Heroes of Radyansky Union F.Ya. Spehov, A.V. Kotsov, G.Ya. Borisenko and V.A. Koptsov from the BT-7 tank.

Mongolian cavalry during the battle on Khalkhin-Gol.

The Radyansky soldier set up an ensign during the battle on the side of the Remizova river of the Khalkhin-Gol river.

Vinishuvach I-16 of the 1st Squadron of the 70th Vinishchuval Aviation Regiment, which made an emergency landing in the Bayin-Tumen area.

Military servicemen of the 8th motorized armored brigade with armored vehicles BA-20 and BA-10 during the fighting on Khalkhin-Gol.

Hero of the Radyansky Union, Major V.I. Artamonov.

The Red Army was injured and lost its service during the fighting on the Khalkhin-Gol River.

Vinishchuvachi I-16 at the airfield near Mongolia.

Radyansky Vinishuvach I-16 type 10 of the 70th Vinishchuval Air Regiment at the airfield during the fighting on Khalkhin-Gol.

The commander of the Radian tank T-26 briefs the crew.

Japanese infantry in the position of destroyed Radian armored vehicles BA-10.

Japanese "Yi-Go" tanks are approaching the Mongolian steppe.

Instructing Japanese tank crews on the Yi-Go tank at the Mongolian steppe.

Japanese pilot, taken from the full hour of fighting on Khalkhin-Gol.

Vinishuvach "Nakajima" Ki-27 during the hour of fighting on Khalkhin-Goli.

Radyansky attack aircraft R-5Sh after an emergency landing.

A Japanese military serviceman looks at the burying of the Radyansky fumes from the ShKAS machine gun.

The commander of the squadron of the 22nd IAP, Vitt Skobarikhin, is in the cockpit of his I-16, which was damaged when rammed by a wing.

Radian soldiers look at the Japanese Ki-21 bomber that was shot down over Mongolia.

Radyansky soldier white ensign "View of fighting girlfriends" in the community during the hour of fighting on Khalkhin-Gol.

Hero of the Radyansky Union, squadron commander of the 22nd Aviation Regiment, Senior Lieutenant V.P. Trubachenka.

Military affairs of Japan in the area of ​​Lake Khasan and the Khalkhin-Gol River in 1938-39.

Vlitku 1938 r. Japan invaded the Radian territory in the area of ​​Lake Khasan on the borders of the USSR, China (Manchukuo) and Korea with the aim of burying a strategically important area (a number of hills at the entrance to the lake, including the Bezimenna and Zaozernaya hills) and the creation of the middle about Vladivostok and Primorye in general. This was driven by the propaganda campaign launched by Japan about the so-called “disputed territories” on the Radian-Manchu border in Primorye (the line of passage of which was clearly indicated in the Hunchun Protocol of 1886). has never been put under doubt by the Chinese side). ended with Radyansky's presentation to the Union in Lipny 1938. categorical support for the withdrawal of the Radian troops and the transfer of all territories to Japan before the entry of Hassan under the drive of the need to defeat the “Japanese crops” before Manchukuo.

The battles on the Japanese side involved the 19th and 20th divisions, an infantry brigade, three machine gun battalions, a cavalry brigade, along with tank units and up to 70 infantry troops, which cost 29 rubles to 11 sickles. 1938, and ended in defeat Japanese grouping.

In the spring of 1939, also under the drive of the “unexplored territorial super river” between Mongolia and Manchuria, Japanese troops invaded Mongolian territory in the area of ​​the Khalkhin-Gol (Nomongan) River. The Japanese attack was once again an attempt to establish military control over the region between Transbaikalia, which would pose a direct threat to the Trans-Siberian Salient Highway - the main transport artery, which One European and remote part of the country, in which area it is parallel to the snow cordon The Mongol is very close to her. Appropriately before it was laid in 1936. Between the SRSR and the Mongolian People's Republic In agreement about mutual assistance, the Radian army took part in the Mongolian aggression.

The military operations in the Khalkhin-Gol region lasted from early to spring 1939 and, in their scale, significantly surpassed those of Hassan. The stinks also ended with the defeat of Japan, the expenses of which amounted to about 61 thousand. especially those killed, wounded and taken into captivity, 660 casualties, 200 for wounded troops, about 400 carts and over 100 vehicles (the losses of the Radian-Mongolian side amounted to over 9 thousand). people).

At the Viroku Tokyo International Military Tribunal of the Far East, November 4-12, 1948. from Japan in 1938-39. Hassan and Khalkhin-Gol were classified as “an aggressive war carried out by the Japanese.”

Marian Vasilovich Novikov

Peremoga on Khalkhin-Goli

Novikov M.V., Politvidav, 1971.

The brochure of the military historian M. Novikov familiarizes the reader with the military actions of the Radian-Mongolian armies on the Khalkhin-Gol River against the Japanese aggressors, who destroyed the cordon of the Mongolian People's Republic in the spring of 1939 .

The courage and combat mastery of the warriors of the Red Army and the Mongolian cyrics, the superiority of the Radyan military equipment led to victory. The battle on Khalkhin-Gol will once again lose the butt of the fraternal friendship of the two socialist countries, we will stand against the previous aggressors.

N. V. Feklenko
(Until 6 chernia 1939)
G. K. Zhukov (after 6 chervenya 1939)
Khorlogiin Choibalsan

The beginning of the conflict was laid by the Japanese side's demands for the recognition of the Khalkhin-Gol River as a cordon between Manchukuo and Mongolia (the old cordon extending 20-25 km on the way out). One of the reasons for this was to ensure the safety of the Halun-Arshan-Ganchzhur mine, which the Japanese would have in this area.

Traven 1939 r. First battles

May 11, 1939 A drive of Japanese cavalry, numbering up to 300 people, attacked the Mongol border outpost on the height of Nomon-Khan-Burd-Obo. On May 14, as a result of a similar attack, the height of Dungur-Obo was occupied by aviation support.

On May 17, the commander of the 57th Special Rifle Corps, Divisional Commander N.V. Feklenko, sent a group of Radian troops to Khalkhin-Gol at the warehouse of three motorized rifle companies, a company of armored vehicles, an engineer company and an artillery battery. On May 22, the Radian army crossed Khalkhin-Gol and drove the Japanese to the cordon.

During the period from 22 to 28 May, significant forces in the conflict region are concentrated. The warehouse of the Radian-Mongolian army had 668 bagnets, 260 chabels, 58 culemets, 20 armored vehicles and 39 armored vehicles. The Japanese forces produced 1,680 bagnets, 900 chabels, 75 culémets, 18 armored vehicles, 6 armored vehicles and 1 tank.

On May 28, the Japanese troops, outnumbered, went on the offensive, looming on the point of repelling the enemy and cutting him off from the crossing to the back bank of Khalkhin Gol. The Radian-Mongolian army entered, but the plan was clearly in full swing, resulting in a battery under the command of Senior Lieutenant Bakhtin.

The next day, the Radian-Mongolian troops carried out a counter-attack, pushing the Japanese to their exit positions.

Cherven. The fight for peace in the world

Although there was no more bloodshed on earth, a war broke out in the sky. Already the first similar attacks showed the superiority of the Japanese aviators. So, in two days of fighting, the Radyansky Vinishuval Regiment lost 15 Vinishuvachs, while the Japanese side lost only one vehicle.

The Radyansky command had a chance to take a radical approach: on May 29, a group of pilots-assists flew from Moscow to the area of ​​combat operations in cooperation with the intercessor of the head of the UPS RSChA Yakov Smushkevich. Many of them were Heroes of the Radyansky Union, and also a little military testimony in the skies of Spain and China. After this, the sides in the wind became approximately equal.

On the cob of worms, M.V. Feklenko was sent to Moscow, and in his place, following the proposal of the head of the operational department of the General Staff, M.U. Zakharov, G. Do was assigned. Nezabar, after arriving in the heart of 1939 in the area of ​​the military conflict, G. K. Zhukov introduced his plan of combat operations: conducting an active defense on the bridgehead behind Khalkhin-Gol and preparing a strong counterattack from the confrontation. nude of the Japanese Kwantung Army. The People's Commissariat of Defense and the General Staff of the RSChA waited a moment with the proposals presented by G. K. Zhukov. Necessary forces began to gather in the area of ​​the conflict. Brigade commander M.A. Bogdanov, who arrived at once from Zhukov, became the chief of staff of the corps. Corps Commissar J. Lkhagvasuren became Zhukov’s assistant from the command of the Mongolian cavalry.

To coordinate the actions of the Radyan troops in the Far Gathering and parts of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Army, Army Commander R. M. Stern arrived from Chita near the Khalkhin Gol River.

The military battles resumed with renewed vigor around the twentieth day. As a result of the battles of the 22nd, 24th and 26th, the Japanese spent over 50 manpower.

Early on the 27th, Japanese aviation launched a rapid attack on Radyansky airfields, which led to the depletion of 19 aircraft.

The entire Radyan side was busy planning the defense on the slope of Khalkhin-Gol and planning a major counter-attack. To ensure a safe environment in the wind, new Radyansky modernized Vinishchuva I-16 and “Chaika” aircraft were transferred here. So, as a result of the battle of 22 cherubs, which gained wide popularity among Japan, the superiority of the Radian aircraft over the Japanese was ensured and the desire to panic in the wind began.

At this hour - the 26th of June 1939, the first official statement of the Radyansky order for the drive to Khalkhin-Gol was crushed.

Lipen. The offensive of the Japanese grouping

Battles flared up near the Bayan-Tsagan mountain. On both sides they suffered the fate of up to 400 tanks and armored vehicles, over 800 artillery guns and hundreds of airmen. Radyansky artillerymen fired directly at the enemy, and in the sky above the mountain at that moment there were up to 300 airborne troops on both sides. The 149th Infantry Regiment of Major I was especially prominent in these battles. M. Remizova and 24th Motorized Rifle Regiment I. I. Fedyuninsky.

On the bridgehead of Khalkhin-Gol, before the night of 3 linden, the Radyansky troops, through the numerical superiority of the enemy, reached the river, shortening the size of their bridgehead on this birch, against the shock grouping of the Japanese under the command of the generals. Lieutenant Yasuoki did not understand the task assigned to her.

The grouping of Japanese troops on Mount Bayan-Tsagan ended up in a flood. Until the evening of 4 pm, the Japanese troops had only reached the top of Bayan-Tsagan - a tall, small area of ​​five kilometers of land and two kilometers of top. 5 linden Japanese troops began to enter the river. In order to motivate their soldiers to fight until the end, by order of the Japanese command, a single pontoon point through Khalkhin-Gol was created, which is in their proper order. In the morning, the Japanese military from the Bayan-Tsagan mountains began a general retreat from their positions until the morning of the 5th century. More than 10 thousand Japanese soldiers and officers perished on the slopes of the Bayan-Tsagan mountain. Almost all the tanks and most of the artillery were spent.

The result of these battles was that, as G.K. Zhukov later noted in his memoirs, the Japanese troops “no longer dared to cross to the western bank of the Khalkhin-Gol River.” All other fields were collected on a similar birch river.

The Japanese army continued to lose the white of Mongolia and the Japanese army was planning new offensive operations. In this way, the middle of the conflict in the Khalkhin-Gol region was saved. The situation dictated the need to renew the power border of Mongolia and radically resolve this border conflict. Therefore, G.K. Zhukov began planning an offensive operation with the method of completely defeating all Japanese groupings that were located on the territory of Mongolia.

The 57th Special Corps was expanded to the 1st Army (Front) Group under the command of G.K. Zhukov. Apparently, before the decree of the Head Military for the sake of the RSChA, for the maintenance of military forces, the Military Council of the Army Group was founded at the warehouse of the commander - corps commander G. K. Zhukov, division commissar M. S. Nikishova and chief and to the headquarters of brigade commander M.A. Bogdanov.

Before the end of the conflict, new troops began to transfer, including the 82nd Infantry Division. The 37th tank brigade was transferred from the Moscow Military District, which included the formation of BT-7 and BT-5 tanks in the territory of the Trans-Baikal Military District. Partial mobilization was carried out and the 114th and 93rd brigades were formed this division.

On July 8, the Japanese side again began active combat activities. At night, they launched an attack with great forces on the slope of the Khalkhin-Gol birch against the positions of the 149th Infantry Regiment and the battalion of the rifle-machine gun brigade, which were not at all prepared for the Japanese attack. As a result of this attack by the Japanese, the 149th regiment was able to reach the river, maintaining a bridgehead only 3-4 kilometers away. As a result, one artillery battery, a platoon of anti-tank guns and a number of culverts were abandoned.

Regardless of the fact that the Japanese carried out such rapt night attacks several more times, and on the 11th day they managed to climb the heights, the stink was a result of the counterattack of Radian tanks and lust, as the commander of the 11th tank brigade, brigade commander M.P. Yakovlev. were knocked down from their heights and thrown into exit positions. The defense line on the Khalkhin-Gol birch has been completely renovated.

From the 13th to the 22nd, the fighting became quiet as both sides fought to build up their strength. The Radian side made energetic efforts to establish a bridgehead on the nearby birch river, which would be necessary to carry out the offensive operation against the Japanese group planned by G.K. Zhukov. The 24th Motorized Rifle Regiment I was deployed to this bridgehead. I. Fedyuninsky and the 5th rifle-machine gun brigade.

On the 23rd, after artillery preparation, the Japanese launched an attack on the right bank bridgehead of the Radian-Mongolian forces. However, after the war, having recognized significant losses, the Japanese had to take an exit position. At this time, intense fighting was taking place, so from 21 to 26, the Japanese side spent 67 letakis, the Radyans only 20.

Significant zusillas fell on the shoulders of the border guards. To protect the cordon of Mongolia and protect the crossings through Khalkhin-Gol from the Trans-Baikal Military District, a battalion of Radyansky guards under the command of Major A. Buliga was transferred to the district. In less than half of the lime tree, the border guards covered 160 suspected individuals, among which dozens of Japanese species were identified.

During the hour of the development of the offensive operation against the Japanese troops, there were proposals both at the headquarters of the army group and at the General Staff of the RSChA about the transfer of combat operations from the territory of Mongolia to the Manchurian territory, protection the propositions were categorically thrown out by the political cerevism of the edges.

As a result of the work carried out by both parties to the conflict until the beginning of the Radian counter-offensive, the 1st Army Group of Zhukov had a small inventory of about 57 thousand troops, 542 armored vehicles and mortars, 498 tanks, 385 armored vehicles and 515 battles their pilots. Japanese 6th Army under the command of General Ogisu Rippo, small in its warehouse 7th and 23rd Infantry Divisions, an infantry brigade, seven artillery regiments, two tank regiments, a Manchu brigade, three regiments the Bargut cavalry, two other units, which amounted to over 75 thousand troops, 500 artillery units, 182 tanks, 700 soldiers. It should be noted that there were soldiers at the warehouse of the Japanese group, who were withdrawing military evidence in the hour of war in China.

General Rippo and his headquarters also planned an offensive, which was intended for 24 sickles. With the outcome of the battles on the Bayan-Tsagani mountain, the plan was once again planned on the right flank of the Radian grouping. Forging the river was not planned.

In the hour of G. K. Zhukov’s preparation for an offensive operation, the Radian and Mongolian armies were seriously disintegrating and the plan of operational-tactical deception of the enemy was being carefully finalized. To introduce the enemy into deception in the early period of preparation before the offensive, the Radyansky side at night, with the help of sound installations, produced the noise of the roar of tanks and armored vehicles, aircraft and engineering robots. Soon the Japanese got tired of reacting to the noise, so during the hour of real regrouping of the Radian army, their resistance was minimal. Also, throughout the entire hour of preparation before the attack, the Radyan side carried out active radio-electronic warfare against the enemy. Despite the overwhelming superiority in the forces of the Japanese side, at the beginning of the offensive Zhukov managed to achieve almost three times the superiority in tanks and 1.7 times in aircraft. To carry out the offensive operation, two-fold reserves of ammunition, food and burning materials were created.

During the offensive operation, G. K. Zhukov planned, through strong maneuvers of mechanized and tank units, to defend against the enemy with unstoppable strong flank attacks in the area between the sovereign cordon of the MPR and the Khalkhin-Gol river.

The advancing military was divided into three groups - Pivdenna, Pivnichna and Central. The head blow was delivered by the Pivdennaya group under the command of Colonel M. I. Potapov, an additional blow - by the Pivnichny group, commanded by Colonel I. P. Aleksienko. The central group under the command of brigade commander D. E. Petrov is small enough to pin down the enemy’s forces in the center, front line, and thereby reduce their ability to maneuver. The reserve, located in the center, had 212 airborne troops, 9 motorized armored brigades and a tank battalion. The Mongolian troops also took part in the operation - the 6th and 8th cavalry divisions under the foreign commands of Marshal X. Choibalsan.

The offensive of the Radian-Mongolian troops began on the 20th sickle, thereby anticipating the offensive of the Japanese troops, which began on the 24th sickle.

The offensive of the Radian-Mongolian troops, which began on the 20th sickle, turned out to be a new challenge for the Japanese command. About the 6th year of the 15th century, intense artillery preparation and air raids on enemy positions began. About the 9th year, the offensive of the ground forces began. On the first day of the attack, the attacking army was in full agreement with the plans, behind the back of the patch that was destroyed when crossing the tanks of the 6th tank brigade, the fragments during the crossing through Khalkhin-Gol without violating the severity of the tanks. pontoon site by sappers.

The enemy made the greatest strongholds on the central front, where the Japanese had good engineering fortifications - here it was time to penetrate a total of 500-1000 meters in a day. Already on the 21st and 22nd sickle, the Japanese troops, having arrived in Tami, fought intense defensive battles, and G.K. Zhukov had the opportunity to introduce the 9th motorized armored brigade into the reserve.

The Radian aviation was doing well at that hour. In just 24 and 25 September, SB bombers launched 218 combat group bombs and dropped nearly 96 tons of bombs on the enemy. The Vinishuvachs killed nearly 70 Japanese pilots in just two days in the intense battles.

In general, it can be noted that the command of the 6th Japanese Army on the first day of the offensive was unable to directly counter the head attack of the troops that were advancing, and did not attempt to support their troops, who were defending on the flanks. The armored and mechanized military forces of the Pivdeniya and Pivnichnaya groups of the Radian-Mongolian troops united until the end of the 26th Serep and completed the externalization of the Japanese 6th Army. After this, fragmentation with violent blows and reduction into parts began.

In general, there are no Japanese soldiers, especially infantry, as they later signified R. Do. Zhukov in his memoirs, fought to the bitter end and Vinyatkovo effortlessly, until the rest of the people. Often the Japanese dugouts and bunkers began to splutter until there was no longer a living Japanese soldier there. As a result of the effortless support of the Japanese on the 23rd Serpn on the Central Front, G. K. Zhukov had the opportunity to introduce his remaining reserve into battle: the 212th airborne brigade and two companies of border guards, although this is not the case na chimaliy rizik.

Repeated attempts by the Japanese command to carry out counterattacks and unblock the group in the Khalkhin-Gol area ended in failure. After the battles of the 24th-26th Serenity, the command of the Kwantung Army until the end of the operation on Khalkhin Gol was no longer able to release its troops, having come to terms with the inevitability of their death.

The rest were still scouring the 29th and 30th sickles in the area on the riverside of the Khaylastin-Gol River. At the beginning of September 31, the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic was completely cleared of Japanese troops. However, there was still no final end to the border conflict (the virtually undeclared war of Japan against the USSR and its allied Mongolia). So, on the 4th and 8th springs, the Japanese troops made new attempts to penetrate the territory of Mongolia, but with strong counterattacks they pushed them beyond the line of the sovereign cordon. The fighting continued and ended, and the official truce was no longer established.

On June 15, 1939, the Russian Union, the Mongolian People's Republic and Japan agreed to carry out military operations in the area of ​​the Khalkhin-Gol River, as soon as the day was over.

Pouches

The victory of the USSR at Khalkhin-Goli played a major role in Japan’s non-attack on the USSR. It is a noteworthy fact that in early 1941 the German Empire stood near Moscow, and Hitler continued to wage an attack on the Soviet Socialist Republic from the Far East from Japan. The defeat at Khalkhin-Goli itself, as many historians believe, played a major role in the government’s plans to attack the USSR in order to attack the United States.

In the spring of 1941, the SRSR government rejected the intelligence officer Sorge’s information that Japan was not going to attack the SRSR. This information made it possible in the most critical days of the defense of Moscow at the end of the year - the beginning of leaf fall in 1941 to spread from the distant Skhod to twenty fresh, fully staffed and well-equipped rifle divisions and a number of tank formations that played one of the key roles in the defense of Moscow. They ordered the Radian troops to launch a counterattack near Moscow in early 1941.

Literature

• Zhukov R. Do. God, think about it. Divide the family. The war on Khalkhin-Goli remains unresolved. - M: OLMA-PRES, 2002.

• Shishov O. V. Russia and Japan. History of military conflicts. - M: Viche, 2001.
• Fedyuninsky I.I. At the gathering. - M: Voenizdat, 1985.
• Novikov M.V. Victory at Khalkhin-Goli. - M.: Politvidav, 1971.
• Kondratyev St. Khalkhin-Gol: War at the Wind. – M.: Tekhniki – Molodi, 2002.
• Kondratyev St. Battle over the steppe. Aviation in the Radian-Japanese armed conflict on the Khalkhin-Gol River. – M.: Aviation Promotion Foundation “Russian Knights”, 2008. – 144 p. - (Series: Contemporary wars of the 20th century). - 2000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-903389-11-7

Cinematography

The Radian-Mongolian feature film “Listen on the other side” directed by Boris Ermolaev and Badrakhin Sumkhu (1971) is dedicated to the battles on the Khalkhin-Gol River.

The 65th anniversary of the end of the battles on the Khalkhin-Gol River and the Radyan-Mongol expedition through the places of military glory is dedicated to the TV film “On the Roads of the Fathers” by Irkutsk TV journalist Natal ii Volina (2004).

Notes

Winooski

1. incl. 6,472 were killed and died during the sanitary evacuation stages, 1,152 died from hospital wounds, 8 died from illness, 43 died in disasters and died as a result
2. data is not the same
3. In “recent” historiography, including American and Japanese, the term “Khalkin-Gol” is used beyond the name of the river, and the military conflict itself is called the local “incident at Nomon Khan.” “Nomon-Khan” is the name of one of the cities in this region of the Manchu-Mongol cordon.
4. In the Russian translation "Khalkhin-Gol" - the Khalkha River
5. The troops were transported along the Trans-Siberian Railway to Ulan-Ude, and then through the territory of Mongolia they followed in similar order
6. During this battle, the famous Japanese flying ace Takeo Fukuda, who became famous during the war in China, was killed and captured.
7. During the ground-breaking battles from 22 to 28 June, Japanese air forces spent 90 flights. The expenditures of Radian aviation turned out to be much smaller - 38 aircraft.
8. : On June 26, 1939, the words “TARS of reassurance to declare...” were heard on Radyansky radio. News from the shores of Khalkhin-Gol appeared on the sides of Radyansky newspapers.
9. : Zhukov, without alerting the approach of the rifle regiment to the escort, abandoned the 11th tank brigade of brigade commander M.P. Yakovlev, which was in reserve, which supported the Mongolian armored division, armed with 45-mm guns. It should be noted that Zhukov is in this situation, violating the military status of the RSChA, acting at his own peril and risk, and above all the Duma of the commander G. M. Stern. For the sake of fairness, it should be noted that Stern learned that in this situation a decision was only possible. Proteus of this work Zhukov Mav and other inheritances. A message was sent to the corps through a special branch to Moscow about what happened on the table I. To V. Stalin, about those who Divisional Commander Zhukov “wickedly” abandoned a tank brigade without reconnaissance and an infantry escort. A follow-up commission was sent from Moscow to the intercessor of the People's Commissar of Defense, Army Commander 1st Rank R.I. Kulik. However, after the conflict between the commander of the 1st Army Group G.K. Zhukov and Kulik, who became involved in the operational management of the military forces, the People's Commissar of Defense of the SRSR in a telegram dated 15 years ago, voting yoma dogan and calling yom to Mos kwi. After this message was sent to Khalkhin-Gol from Moscow by the Head of the Main Political Directorate of the RSHA, Commissioner 1st Rank