Foreign economic relations of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Population of Udmurtia, numbers, warehouse, nationalities National warehouse of Udmurtia on the river

Geographical location. The Udmurt Republic (Udmurtia) is located in the Volga Federal District and is located in the western part of the Middle Urals in the interregional region of Vyatka and Kami. The area of ​​the republic is 42.06 thousand. sq. km. (0.25% of the western area of ​​Russia), exceeds such western European countries as Belgium, Switzerland and the approximately ancient area of ​​Denmark. The length of the territory from night to day becomes 297.5 km, from the approach to the exit – 200 km. Zagalna dovzhina cordons 1800 km.

Between: on the afternoon and entry from the Kirov region, on the descent – ​​from the Perm region, on the daytime – from the Republic of Bashkortostan, on the afternoon – from the Republic of Tatarstan. Such a situation opens up broad prospects for mutual economic integration and implies a high level of competition in the struggle for investment, labor markets, and labor resources.

From the capital of Udmurtia, Izhevsk, to Moscow – 970 km. St. Petersburg – 1370 km, Yekaterinburg – 450 km, Kazan – 279 km. The territory consists of a series of hills and lowlands. The main natural zones: taiga (near the downland part) and support (near the downland part).

The republic's location in the middle, upper latitudes and near seas and oceans results in a largely continental climate with cold, snowy winters, warm summers and good transitional seasons.

Time zone MSK+1.

Population. Udmurtia is a richly national republic, where representatives of over one hundred and seventy nationalities and ethnic groups live. The largest number of them are Russians, Udmurts and Tatars. According to the latest data from Udmurtstat, as of September 1, 2017. The number of permanent residents reached 1517.1 thousand. osib. 65.5% of the population lives in localities (more than half of them in Izhevsk) and 34.5% in rural localities. Thickness - 36.07 particles per square kilometer, which is less than 4 times higher than the average value for Russia. During the current leaf fall 2016. the population decreased by 10 people. Over the 11 months of 2016, 19,466 individuals were born in Udmurtia. The price is 809 less than for the same period last year. The difficulty of life in the republic today becomes 70.5 years.

The national warehouse is up to the 2010 census: Russians - 62.2%, Udmurts - 28.0%, Tatars - 6.7%, Ukrainians, Maris, Bashkirs, Azerbaijanis, Virmens, Belarusians, Bezermians, Chuvashes, etc. Imce and in. - Zagalom over 100 nationalities.

The republic has two sovereign languages ​​– Russian and Udmurt.

The range of religious trends in the region is represented by both traditional and new religious movements. The most important are Orthodox, Protestant and Muslim communities. There are also Buddhist, Jewish and Old Believers communities.

Natural resource potential. In the structure of the land fund of Udmurtia, as of June 1, 2015, priority is given to lands of the forest fund, which account for 48.7%, as well as lands of rural significance – 44.3%. The share of other lands becomes 7.0%.

Nadra Udmurtia is rich in kopalina cinnamon. The most important materials are naphtha, peat and waste materials. Origins of stone and brown vugill have been discovered. The largest deposits of peat are found in the basins of the Kilmez and Cheptsya rivers. Widened vapnyaki, clay, sand, gravel.

First, industrial naphtha was rejected by the Republic of Sichny in 1955. Shchorichny has vowed to increase the production of naphtha to more than 10 million tons, and behind this figure, Udmurtia sits 13th in Russia.

The nature of Udmurtia is rich and colorful. Udmurtia is developed in zones of flooded taiga and mixed forests, which occupy over 40% of the territory.

The widest trees are yalin, pine, birch, linden, wasp, and oak is more common. The flora of the republic is represented by more than 1,700 species of plants. The fauna of Udmurtia is rich: the forests are home to elk, wild boar, witch, fox, marten, ermine, boar, wolf, hare and other species of creatures. The birds include hazel grouse, capercaillie, black grouse, chicken and others. In the rivers you can find bream, roach, perch, ide, and minnow.

All the rivers of Udmurtia flow to the Kami basin, the largest of them being the Izh, Cheptsa, Vala and Kilmez. There are six water reservoirs on the territory of the Udmurt Republic. In Udmurtia there are mineral springs, which the authorities like to use for sanatorium-resort installations, as well as the absence of underground drinking water reservoirs, for which Udmurtia is called the land of mineral waters.

Administrative-territorial structure. The Udmurt Republic enters the warehouse of the Volga Federal District. Consists of 6 places and 25 rural areas. The capital is Izhevsk (642.0 thousand people). Other places: Sarapul (99.2 thousand inhabitants), Votkinsk (98.2 thousand inhabitants), Glaziv (94.6 thousand inhabitants), Mozhga (49.7 thousand inhabitants), Kambarka (10.6 thousand inhabitants). residents). residents).

Sovereign device. The highest ranking person of the Udmurt Republic is the Head of the Udmurt Republic. June 14, 2014 Oleksandr Vasilyovich Solovyov was elected Head of the Udmurt Republic with a term of renew for 5 years.

The highest legislative body is the State Rada of the Udmurt Republic. The Derzhrada is unicameral, with 5 members of 90 deputies in a mixed system (50% for republican party lists in proportion to the number of votes and 50% for single-mandate constituencies). Head of the State for the sake of - Volodymyr Petrovich Nevostruev (election on May 25, 2013).

U zhovtni 2012 In the recent elections before the State Duma, the party “United Russia” became the leader of the vote, gaining 53.19% of the votes. The Communist Party of the Russian Federation took 17.23%, LDPR - 10.8%, A Just Russia - 5.07%, Patriots of Russia - 4.47%, Communists of Russia - 2.31%, Yabloko - 1.71%, Russian environmental party "Greens" » – 1.49%, Green Alliance – People’s Party – 0.63%, Democratic Party of Russia – 0.59%, Places of Russia – 0.5%. In this manner, 4 parties will pass to parliament – ​​United Russia, Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Liberal Democratic Party of Russia and A Just Russia.

The order of the Udmurt Republic is the largest body in the system of bodies of the crown government. The head of the Order is Viktor Oleksiyovich Savelyev (confessions from January 11, 2014).

The Udmurt Republic bears its national symbols: coat of arms, ensign and anthem. The state coat of arms of the Udmurt Republic has a round shield in a red-black color and is depicted on a white swan with open wings. Prapor is a straight-cut cloth that is made up of three equal-width vertical tans: the left one is black, the middle one is white, the right one is a red color. At the center of the white smudge there is an eight-pointed solar sign in a red color. The sovereign anthem is the music of the composer G.A. Korepanov to the song “Ridna Kama-Rika”, the author’s arrangement of the composer A.G. Korepanov to the words of A.A. Sheptalin.

The sovereignty of the Udmurt people in the form of the Votsk Autonomous Region dates back to 4 November 1920. Z 1928 the region included the warehouse of the Nizhny Novgorod region, and in 1934. was reorganized into the Udmurt Autonomous Radyansk Socialist Republic and moved to the Kirov region. Born in 1935 in the middle order of the RRFSR. Born in 1937 The territory was expanded beyond the scope of inclusion to the warehouse of Votkinsky, Sarapulsky, Kambarsky, Kiznersky districts. Born in 1991 – Udmurt Republic.

Socio-economic state. According to the main macroeconomic indicators, the Udmurt Republic is included in the group of regions of the Russian Federation from the middle level of development.

The economy is characterized by a rich-gas-loose structure, the presence of strong industrial potential and highly qualified personnel, a growing agro-industrial complex, rich natural resources, financial-credit and scientific-technical spheres, which are developing dynamically.

Today in the republic there are over 250 large and medium-sized industrial enterprises with modern technical equipment and advanced personnel. The design base, the intellectual potential of defense enterprises and the competitive advantages of the republic.

In Udmurtia, 90% of Russian industrial and sports equipment, rocket and space technology, equipment for nuclear power plants, automobiles, medical equipment, oil and gas equipment, rolled steel, bonding plants, radio electronics are produced ka, and also a good friend will drink.

The main developed fuel and energy resources in the Udmurt Republic are natural gas and coal-fired coal.

Before Udmurtia, 1.4% of the Trans-Galno-Russian and 6.2% of the Volga Federal District fall to the gross output of the rural state.

Natural and climatic conditions allow the development of a rich agricultural kingdom, the production of food products and milk for processing industry.

The main part of the arable lands is turf-podzolic soil.

The most important are the collective forms of government, which are based on the private form of power on the ground and in the world. The republic has about 350 large, medium and small rural organizations.

The republic will fully meet its needs for basic types of food. The plot contains 7.9% milk, 6.1% meat, 8.9% eggs, produced in the Volga Federal District.

According to the latest estimate, in 2016 the growth of the gross regional product in Udmurtia is projected to be equal to 500.6 billion rubles, which is 0.2% less than in 2015, and the industrial production index is at 201 6r. - 107.8% to the level of the former rock.

For data from Udmurtstat for 10 months of 2016. The average news amounted to 25.9 thousand rubles. Rate of official unemployment at the end of 2016. becoming 0.97% of the economically active population.

International connections Udmurtia is consumed by 94 countries (92 countries in 2015).

Over 9 months of 2016, the foreign trade turnover of the Udmurt Republic reached 525 million. 342.7 thousand. US dollars, which increased over the same period in 2015, having changed by 47.3% (-471 million 441.9 thousand US dollars). At the same time, exports changed by 41.6% and amounted to 336 million 567.7 thousand. US dollars, imports changed by 55.1% and increased to 188 million 775.0 thousand. US dollars.

The share of the foreign trade turnover of the Udmurt Republic in the foreign trade of the Volga Federal District was 1.75%.

The trade balance of the Udmurt Republic for the present day and spring of 2016 was positive and amounted to 147 million 792.7 thousand. US dollars; Compared to the same period in 2015, the balance changed (-5.7%) by 8 million 961.7 thousand. US dollars

The trade turnover of the Udmurt Republic with foreign countries during the current period reached 467 million 923.1 thousand. US dollars, which is equal to the same period in 2015, is 237 million 108.3 thousand less. US dollars (-33.6%).

The trade balance with these countries became more positive and reached 112 million. 361.3 thousand. dolars Compared to the same period in 2015, the balance changed by 209 million 525.9 thousand. US dollars (or -65.1%).

Exports increased over the same period in 2015, changing by 223 million 317.1 thousand. US dollars (-43.5%) and became 290 million 142.2 thousand. US dollars. Imports changed by 13 million 791.2 thousand. US dollars (-7.2%) and became 177 million 780.9 thousand. US dollars.

As a result, the foreign trade turnover of the Udmurt Republic in the Volga Federal District for 9 months of 2016 is expected to reach 1.75%. In terms of foreign trade, the Udmurt Republic was in 10th place (for 9 months of 2015 – 8th place).

The legal basis for international contacts includes 4 areas:

• Consultation with the Government of the Republic of Belarus about trade, economic, scientific, technical and cultural development;
• Consultation with the Akimat of the Zakhidno-Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan on trade, economic, scientific, technical and cultural development;
• Congratulations to the People's Order of Hubei Province of the People's Republic of China about trade, economic and humanitarian cooperation.
• Agreement between the District of the Udmurt Republic of the Russian Federation and the Akimat of the Pavlodar region of the Republic of Kazakhstan on trade, economic, scientific, technical and cultural diversification dated 16 June 2015.

Udmurtia has no representation from foreign powers.

On the territory of the republic, there are 2 objects that fall under the Convention on the extraction, extraction, accumulation and stagnation of chemical waste and their depletion (Kambarka metro station and the village of Kizner).

International activities take part and municipal awareness. Within the framework of the sister city, Izhevsk has established connections with this city.

ZMI. As of 2017, 262 mass media outlets were registered in Udmurtia, including 159 other media (40 magazines, 115 newspapers, 3 bulletins, 1 almanac) and 103 electronic media (23 television, 79 radio programs) m and channels, one electronic periodic broadcast ).

Subordinate to the Ministry of Culture, Others and Information of the Udmurt Republic - 36 newspapers and magazines, a television and radio company, an information agency.

Culture and tourism. In Udmurtia there are 15 theater and concert organizations, 32 museums, the state republican circus, a zoo, 543 private libraries, 7 theaters, 8 concert venues, 58 children's arts schools, 665 cultural and permissible facilities, 2 pillars of average professional education, culture of the Udmurt Republic, Center for the protection of objects of cultural destruction.

The original culture of the Udmurts is represented by the State Academic Song and Dance Ensemble of the Udmurt Republic “Italmas”, the State Ensemble of Folk Song, Music and Dance of the Udmurt Republic “Tanok”, the Udmurt State Folk Song Theater ni "Aikai", folklore

Shchorichno (since 1958) the republic held a music festival dedicated to the day of the people of P.I. Tchaikovsky, and since 2008. – International Festival of Circus Mystery.

In the Udmurt Republic, many types of tourism are developing, including the widest range of similar types: cultural-cognitive, cultural-industrial, business, rural, cultural, active (including sports and health), ecologist Healthy, healing and healthy. Investigate the popularity of the zbro tour, during which you can not only add zbro from the Izhevsk plant, but also try it on the shooting stand.

Transport barrier Udmurts include 779 km Zaliznits, 16263 km of auto -mmobid Dorig Zagalny Coristanni, at that number we are insisted - 6039 km, 180 km of the vehicle RICHKOVIKHAK ZVIDED on KSPISKAKA, Jorne TA BALTIISKA. The most important river ports Kambarka, Sarapul. Navigation on the Kama River is no bigger than a republic. Navigation duration – 6.5 months. Airport VAT "Izhavia" is class "B" and has a piece of air-landing with asphalt concrete pavements stretching 2500 meters, which confirms the first category of the international association ї ICAO.

Science and enlightenment. The preparation of high-qualification teachers in the republic is carried out by 5 state and 3 non-state universities, branches of 12 state and 7 non-state universities. The largest ones: Udmurt State University, Izhevsk State Technical University named after M.T. Kalashnikov, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk State Rural Academy.

The population of Udmurtia is approximately 1.6 million people. Among the Russian republics, in terms of population size, it ranks 4th after Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, and Dagestan. The population of the remaining regions is growing significantly with the additional arrival of residents from other regions of Russia.

Population size

On the territory of 42 100 VK. km lives over 1.5 people. At this rate, the population density is 36.06 people per 1 sq. km.

The population in Udmurtia is distributed unevenly. The central and desert parts of the republic are densely populated, there are 4 places here: Izhevsk, Votkinsk, Sarapul, Mozhga and the place of district significance Kambarka. The ancient part of the republic has only one place – Glaziv.

Part of the town and village population

In Udmurtia the population will reach 70%, in rural areas - 30%.

National warehouse: people

There are approximately 70 nationalities living on the territory of Udmurtia. Long ago, the territory of the republic was conquered and settled by the indigenous inhabitants of the western Urals - the Udmurts, and at the same time lived with them Russians, Tatars, Mari, Chuvash and others.

60% live in Udmurtia, Voni sit first place in terms of numbers, another place – 29%, third – 7%, and the Ukrainians, Maris, Chuvash, Germans, Moldovans, Virmens take 3.5%. and, Jews, Bashkirs and other Udmurt settlements are concentrated near the neighboring Kirov region, Perm region, Tatarstan and Bashkiria. Most Udmurts live in the northern, central and northern regions of the republic. It is important for Tatars to live in the towns of Izhevsk and Mozhga; Yukamyansky, Karakulinsky districts. Near the Grakhivsky district live the Kryashens - the Khreshten Tatars, who belong to the rest of the nation. Mari villages are growing into Pivdny Republics. A large part of the Udmurts live in rural areas. Russians settled in all areas of present-day Udmurtia, with a particularly large portion of them near the towns of Izhevsk, Votkinsk, Sarapul and Kambartsia, which were founded by Russians, as well as in the central and flood-like areas of the republic ubliki.

The indigenous people of the republic are the Udmurts. The Udmurt language belongs to the Perm group of Finno-Ugric languages. Among the Finno-Ugric peoples of Russia, the Udmurts sit in another place for their numbers after the Mordovians. The people are bound by the name of the river Vyatka. Vatmurt - Udmurt - means “people from the Vyatka River”.

Typical figures of the Udmurt character of many predecessors respect modesty, lack of richness, and streamlinedness in the manifestation of feelings.

The Udmurts, like other peoples, are anxious about bread. One of the most valuable oaths is the oath of bread. When they started waking up, the Udmurts called “veme” - to help. All the peasants of the village took their share from whom and for the day they set up their booths.

The Udmurt women practiced Viserunk weaving. Later Russians also adopted lilac weaving. The old methods of spinning yarn stink. The Udmurt costume is one of the most colorful and most complex in the Volga region. The characteristic colors of the Udmurts were the classic tricolor: white, red, black; Then it became green, yellow, and violet.

The main commandment of the Udmurt people: people come to the land to practice. Live and work so that you wake up to the sun, so that you enjoy your work. The Udmurts also shared ancient agricultural and cattle traditions. In the past, all sorts of soups and porridges were cooked at the same time. The boiled peas were cut into koloboks. Boroshnya jelly was brewed with boroshnya - brews. A variety of bread sprouts were bubbling: sour dough shortcakes (taban), potato shangi, peppers - fresh cheesecakes with various fillings, dumplings ("pelnyan" from the Udmurt language - bread vukho) too bad. Among the malts on the first place there was honey.

In the early days, the Udmurt National Theater appeared, a national opera, ballet, and the Museum of Image-Creating Mysteries were created. The State Song and Dance Ensemble of the Udmurt Republic Italmas and the Aikai Folk Song Theater enjoy great popularity in the republic.

In Udmurtia and beyond the borders one can see the creativity of Udmurt poets,

Izhevsk is a place in the Russian Federation, and the capital of the Udmurt Republic; the status of the place was revoked in 1918. The town of Izhevsk was renamed to Ustinov in 1984 and had little name until 1987. It includes up to the twenty largest cities in Russia and stands at the 19th place. From the national language - Udmurt it sounds like Izh, Izhkar.
The place of Izhevsk is a great transport, economic, cultural and trade center of Russia, known to the Russian Federation, as well as the whole world with its own industry, such as the machine industry, the defense industry there is that metallurgical industry. Izhevsk is considered the largest industrial center in the Urals and the entire Volga region. The place was given the title of labor glory.
The population size, according to data from the 1st of June 2013, is over 632 thousand. residents, which is approximately half of all people living in the Republic of Udmurtia. The place took nineteenth place for the number of inhabitants among all places in the Russian Federation.
The destruction of the Izhevsk town fell on the Izh River, hence the name of this place.
Є alternative name – Zbrojowa capital of Russia.
Before Izhevsk became known as a town and abandoned the title, it became a settlement at a factory and bore the same name - Izhevsk Factory.

National warehouse

Today there are over a hundred nationalities in the area. Yakshcho brothers tribute to the 2002 census. then the native inhabitants are Udmurts, more than 30%, the majority are Russians - 58.9%, nationality number three - the Tatars, their number is 9.6%, the majority of 1.5% is divided among Belarusians, Ukraine Nits, Maris, Chuvashs and the Bashkirs.

Population of Izhevsk in 2018 and 2019. Number of residents of Izhevsk

Data on the number of local residents was taken from the Federal State Statistics Service. The official website of the Rosstat service is www.gks.ru. The data was also taken from the unified interdepartmental information and statistical system, the official website of EMISS www.fedstat.ru. The website published data about the number of residents of Izhevsk. The table shows the distribution of the number of residents of Izhevsk by rock, the graph below shows the demographic trend among different rocks.

Schedule of changes in the population of Izhevsk:

Photo of the town of Izhevsk. Svitlina Izhevsk

On our website you will find photographs of Izhevsk various rocks. Izhevsk photo of the place at different times from the Christian hours to the present day.

Information about the town of Izhevsk on Wikipedia.

The Urals have a unique region with its own culture and history - Udmurtia. The population of the region is dwindling today, and therefore there is a threat of losing such an unprecedented anthropological phenomenon as the Udmurts. Let us tell you what kind of minds the population of the region lives in, what kind of features and what kind of demographic indicators of the republic.

Geographical position

The region borders Bashkiria, Tatarstan, Kirov region and Perm region. The area of ​​the republic is 42 thousand. sq. km, this is the 57th place in Russia's commitment to the region. Udmurtia grew up on the Similar European Plain, and this indicates its relief, which is remarkably flat with a slight hump. The region is already rich in water resources; the Kamsky and Vyatsky rivers flow here for about 30 thousand kilometers. The republic appreciates that the inheritance of the native land will require good for productive agricultural stagnation. The population of Udmurtia has settled down to its geographical position for centuries and began to extract maximum benefits from it. The location of the mayor near the center of Russia allowed the republic to find its place among the trade and transport lines of the regions.

Climate

Being located in the center of the continent, at a great distance from the seas and oceans, and this meant its climate was continental. The average temperature in the region is 1.5 degrees Celsius. Here we observe the classic seasonality of the middle Russian smuga. With a cold winter that lasts approximately 5 months, and with a cool three-month summer. The warmest month is lichen, when the thermometer rises to 19 degrees in the middle. Winter comes in the middle of the leaf fall, and then the snow cover sets in. During the winter, the minus temperature gradually decreases; the thermometer at night can show minus 25. Summer begins at the end of the grass and ends with the beginning of the heather. The temperature in the lime tree can warm up to 23 degrees. The republic received a lot of rainfall - about 600 mm on the river. The wettest periods are summer and autumn. The population of Udmurtia appreciates that there is a mild climate - there is no severe frost or baking, and the dryness of the summer allows the cultivation of crops necessary for harvesting.

Administrative section

The population of Udmurtia lives in 25 administrative districts and 5 places of republican subordination. The capital of the republic is Izhevsk. There are 310 rural settlements in the regions of the republic and one place - Kambarka. Each region has its own manager, who reports to the head of the republic.

Population of Udmurtia and dynamics

Since 1926, continuous monitoring of the number of inhabitants has been carried out. At that time, 756 thousand people lived in Udmurtia. During the Christian era, the republic developed steadily, which led to positive dynamics in the number of locals. By 1941, there were already 1.1 million people living here. The fate of the war led to a decrease in the population of one million. However, in the coming years, Udmurtia is actively growing with new residents. In 1993, the region had 1,624 million inhabitants. The rocks of change and change brought a lot of goods, and Udmurtia begins to lose its population. Until then, the republic will not be able to change the trend until the number of residents decreases. There are 1.5 million people infected in Udmurtia.

Features of the population

Udmurtia is a rare region for Russia, with hundreds of residents who consider themselves Russians, lower than in other regions. The number of Russians here is 62%, Udmurts – 28%, Tatars – close to 7% (based on data for 2010). Other nationalities are represented in groups of less than 1%.

The population of Udmurtia varies according to different regions and according to its ethnicity. The indigenous people of the region were pagans. In the 13th-14th centuries they were strongly influenced by Islam. In the 16th century, the first attempts began to expand Christianity in these lands. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Orthodoxy was literally enforced by police raids. The population did not maintain any visible support, but still continued to preach paganism. With the arrival of the Radian rule, the persecution of all forms of religion begins, leading to the emergence of the religion on the periphery of the region's burghers. With the beginning of the revolution, the rise of national self-consciousness rises, and at the same time a complex era of religious speculation begins. Today, 33% of the population of the republic consider themselves Orthodox, 29% consider themselves believers, but cannot identify with religion, 19% have decided not to believe in God.

The numbers miraculously demonstrate the stability of the development prospects for the region. What we face before us is mortality. In Udmurtia, the population is increasing, but the mortality rate may be changing. The difficulty of life is constantly growing and reaches an average of 70 years. The region is wary of negative migration because it is wasting its own people.

Corinne residents

The ancient people of Udmurtia - the indigenous population of Udmurtia - are first recognizable in chronicles of the 5th century BC. The tribes that lived in the territory between the Volga and Kama spoke to my Finno-Ugric family and absorbed the genes of rich peoples. The Aryans became the basis for the formation of the ethnic group; other nationalities supplemented the genotype and culture of the Udmurts. Today, great work is being carried out in the republic to support and preserve traditional national culture. The people had to endure a number of heavy attacks, which helped to shape the national character, the main features of which are practicality, modesty, patience, hospitality. The Udmurts have preserved their language, unique traditions and folklore. Udmurtia is a nation that sleeps. The baggage of folk songs is majestic, the stench of the history and the bright-eyed ethnicity.

Population size and distribution

The region has an area of ​​42 thousand square meters. km, the population density of Udmurtia becomes 36 people per square meter. km. Most Udmurts live locally - 68%. The largest location is the capital Izhevsk, its agglomeration has a population of over 700 thousand people, accounting for over 40% of the region’s population. The republic is wary of a trend towards a decrease in the number of rural residents, which is an alarming signal for the economy.