Watching the names of the men at the guardian's office behind the canopies. Receive a decree. Fairy tale about witches

Vіdminok

Additional word

Vіdminne nutrition

Nazivny

Rodovy

whom? what?

Davalny

to whom? why?

knowledgeable

whom? what?

creative

Priymennikovy

speak

about whom? about what?

Vіdminok

Receivers

Nazivny

Rodovy

without, y, vіd, before, s, s, bіla

Davalny

knowledgeable

on, for, pіd, through, in, about,

creative

over, behind, pіd, s, before, mizh

Priymennikovy

in, oh, about, on, at

ways, half-light, now, stirrups, children

shlyakhіv, polum'ya, nasіnnya, stirrups, children

ways, half-light, nasіnnya, stirrups, children

ways, semi-minds, nasіnyam, stirrups, children

way, half-moon, now, stirrups, child

ways, half-light, nasіnnya, stirrups, children

way, half-witted, nasіnyam, stirrup, child

ways, half-minds, nasіnyam, stirrups, children

(o) ways, half-light, now, stirrups, children

paths, half-lights, nasinnyah, stirrups, children

skilki

insoles

rich

by ...-o

by ...-y

In the first place, wine is seen semantically: distant maє self-sufficient semantics - and itself, the semantics of the possessor, including vigodonabuvach (Benefaktiv) and possessing information (Address), divas. can act as a constitutive element of various elliptical constructions, Meni, be kind, fish; you sheet; Who do you want? and etc. (Tsim is a distant vіdminok similar to a tool, which tezh has independent semantics, and itself - an instrumental one).

2.1. Zagalna characteristic

2.1.1. Tipi living in the give-and-take: kerovaniya (slovnikov assignments), constructive delusions, freely come

The substantive word form in the given opinion can be found in:

• words: give (sho-l.) a loan; take the oath of fathers, help brothers;
• name ( other sheet, salute to the victors, Help for Sims;
• prikmetnik ( faithful to the word, equal to a kilometer);
• clerks ( to the evil of the enemies);
• predicate ( youmu soromno; youmu just one day is not enough), zokrema of predicative phrases ( youmu not feeling well);
• receiver ( by price, to the booth, zgidno with layout);

In the Russian language, it’s not good, so it’s like the receivers, who need a giver’s opinion (reporter of the div. Receiver): before, Byі zavdyaki, beyond, in defiance, next, naustrich, vvreymi, like, By straight to, by date until, zgidno, proportionately, clearly, clearly, similar.

Priymennikovo-vidminkova form can be included in the control model of the word ( get ready to sleep) or another word ( close to zero), but you can act as a free (por. headings: For merit; According to conscience; Vsuperech furnishing; Nazustrich z'izdu).

Kerovaniy (slovnikov assignments) is a distant indicator to enter the control model of a particular word and is determined by its semantics: for example, dialects of the transfer type give, bestow (what to whom) to take revenge on one’s semantics for an obsessive person (to find the valence of the Recipient (div. Semantic role)), the language of the movie type know (to whom in what), tell (to whom)- Statement to the person-addressee (to be valence to the Addressee (div. Semantic role)) and so on. Є vipadki, if the far-off vіdmіnok is semantically virodenі vіdnosinіі and does not seem to be some kind of semantic roll ( looks like a hoot), prote, fixing for this word as a single word of the dictionary (the concept of academic grammar has a tendency to complete combinations (div. p.)).

Structurally, the far-flung vіdminok vikoristovuєtsya at the warehouse constructions, zhoden s elements in such a lack of vocabulary valence, which manifests itself as a far-flung vіdmіnkom: Youmu twenty years; Youmu Can't Sleep; Youmu don't sleep today(dієslovo sleep like slovnikova loneliness does not impair giving opinion, porivn.: Vin do not sleep; however, in non-singular and infinitive constructions, regardless of the semantics of the word, the subject is expressed as a distant one); Not far away, stribnuvshi from the springboard, breaking his own leg(with the dialect zlamati far vision does not show valency); You can't do everything yourself. Before the constructively intelligent remarks, there are also determinants that come to all propositions: I'm a fool this way(Last).

Applying an unacceptable, freely accepted givel, which does not replace the valence of the predicate word and is not an element of construction, but an optional word, practically does not. The subjective distant ( blue shirt) ta verbal distant vigodi ( buy me milk), but at this grammar the stench is seen as constructive.

Acceptable forms may have the same types of living, which are unacceptable:

• kerovani ( practice success, savagery to the people, cool as hell);
• constructively zoomed - at the warehouse design ( the proportion has five to one) and as a determinant that comes to the proposition ( Overnight everything calmed down);
• freely attach to the word form - attributive ( math test, the road to the booth) and furnish ( walk around the room; call in the evenings, go down to the river, skip the class because of illness; fly to the wind; pick up from the layout).

The main semantic roles that are expressed by the distant opinion of the speech:

Between the semantic roles that are expressed in the Russian my distant opinion, there is an obvious meaning of the links. The semantics of the Recipient (possessor of the chogos) is closely related to the semantics of the Posesor (Vlasnik): The recipient is a potential (possibly) Posesor, as well as the semantics of the Benefaktivu - the “removing” of the Koristi. The recipient of the semantically related messages is also the Addressee - possessive information, in the paraphrases of the discourses of the mov, the discourses of the transmission are widely vindicated, porivn. give the floor / an oath / obіtsyanka to whom, transfer information(If you want to move, de Recipient and Recipient are encoded with different words, on the basis of this presentation and split into two roles, regardless of those that stink semantically closer and in rich language, like Russian, they are coded the same way). Generally Semantic one -rolleries can be hidden, davalnya (on the vidmin of the abstract of the abstract I syntax of the nasal ibi), to finish specifically and the “Samosti” of Zarannya, the yake of the nyoye pose of the pose All the best - for children).

Structurally, a given dacular sound can also be assigned a semantic role (from a set of roles that are powerful to a valence daemonic) - it’s important that the construction sounds like a denotative situation, in a kind of referent of a dative nominal group I can play a role.

Significantly, prote, that the semantic role can be attributed to the form of the given opinion is far from constant (there is a need for both management and construction). The greater the distance between the "nuclear" classes of predicates and the main semantic roles, the more difficult is the semantic interpretation of the given word.

2.1.3. Syntactic authority of the given opinion.

A substantive word form in a given opinion in traditional grammar is respected by indirect additions.

However, there is a class of predicates and a class of constructions, in which there is a dative nominal group, which expresses the semantic Subject, which may influence the power (div., for example, [Testelec 2001: 317-359]). Some authors (div., for example, [Zimmerling 2009]; [Zimmerling 2010]) call propositions with such nominal groups "dative propositions", porіvn. Children are cold, and dative names of groups with subject powers - non-canonical pdlyagaє, porivn., zokrema, [Zimmerling 2012] (div. Pdlyagaє).

The canonical application, the crime of morphological power - to express the name of the word - and the syntactic power - to control the narrow signs of the award, - there are also a number of other syntactic and communicative-pragmatic powers, such as control of reflexivity, control of goals their adnexal, control of causal wraps, linear position and gravity to communicative status of those.

Dative nominal groups with subjective meanings, not leading to canonical morphological formalities and not being a controller of convenience, can, at least, mothers of low non-basic authorities:

For example, dative name groups can be like word assignments (div.) ( youmu prikro), and constructively embodied (div. ) ( How can we booty?).

2.2. Classes of predicates with words

2.2.1. Recipient (Oderzhuvach)

The recipient, or Oberzhuvach (div. Semantic role), is a participant in the transfer situation. The main participants in the prototypical transmission situation are the Transmission subject (represented by a name), Transmission object (represented by a familiar expression) and Removal (represented by a remote expression), porivn.: Sister gave brother an apple. Tsya "vintage frame" is used only before the dialects at the dijsnіy outpost, with the words of the other parts of the language (prikmetnik, name), and also with the passive forms of the diєslov Sub'єkt or Ob'єkt are expressed by other superficial vіdmіnki (div. Zastava). However, the dative mode of expression of the recipient is saved. The semantic role of the Recipient is sometimes denoted as “date”, although it is datively dative – this is a syntactic term (in fact, the term itself is related to the idea of ​​transferring and to resemble, as it was said more, in the case of donative words).

The semantic role of the Recipient may be dієslova and dіdієslіvnі іmenniki zі znacheniy transfers, gifts, gifts, etc. to smb. yakihos l. objects, values:

• words: turn, turn, voddati, vodshkoduvati, hand, see, see (to whom a ticket), pay, give, give, give, deliver, chanuvat, donate(to whom), reserve, order, drive, ask, compensate, send, posit, biddati, viddati, praviti, transfer, forward, donate, give, give, give, put, donate, donate, send, give, present, bring, attract, over send, sell , give away, give out, spread out, get rid of, get away, build up, send, shtovhnuti(U means 'sell'), pay, give up(U means 'sell');

• names: gift, swag, payment, gift, gift (to whom).

(1) But such cult objects, as they cannot be transferred to the Church

(2) Axis, say, nadali Grenada credit - 160 thousand. radian rubles. [“Arguments and Facts” (2003)]

(3) First earned 50 rubles Dzerzhinsky donated to the party. [R. B. Gul. Dzerzhinsky (Cob of terror) (1974)]

(4) Jubilee - until the 115th day of the artist's birthday, the show of the "great Chaplin" on TV channel culture - a wonderful great day present peeping. ["Screen and Scene" (2004)]

(5) Turning powers a special carbine - one of the most beloved saints in Switzerland. [Izvestia (2003)]

2.2.2. Destination

Oberzhuvach _information can be taken into account by the variety of the Recipient, and in most cases it can be designated by a special term - the Addressee (div. Semantic roles).

To the sphere of transmission lie:

• the words of a moving reminder: address, move, tell, rebuke, lie, vibaltuvati, see, vikati, vipality, speak, speak, be rude, bragging, dictate, dopovisti, addovisti, inform, skarzhitisya, read out, read out, declare, call, vikladati, vilify the soul, vikla sti , to speak up, to shout, to shout, to lie, to flatter, to pray, to say, to write, to weave, to prophesy, to slander, to be nasty, to praise, to praise, to praise, to whisper, to call, to say, to say, to describe, to explain, to explain, to call back , retell, pidtakuvati , p_daknuti, pіdkazati, skarzhitis, pobazhat, swear, pray, narrate, consecrate, send greetings, denounce, brag, boast, proponuvat, rewrite, rebuff, rebuff, present, introduce yourself, present (calling), remove, swindle, threaten, recognize, swear, speak out, speak out , preach, prophesy, prophesy, signal, whisper, rejoice, rozbaltuvat, rozbalakati, roz'explain, report, roar (praise), balakati, lie, say, brehati, zіznatisya, rejoice, write, declare, telegraph, ring go, phone, , call, whisper;
• the words of the movable sponkukannya: punishment;
• words for signal transmission, etiquette processes and other addressing processes: applaud, nod, bow, writhe, wag, wave, blink, blink, double bow, salute, salute, give a signal, blink, blink, bow, wave, whistle, signal, applaud, salist, whistle signal, make a pike, hide peak, be eyes, caress, laugh, laugh.

Valence To the addressee, it is the same for the names of the names of the movie: podyaka, denunciation, call, sign, obіtsyanka, proof, porada, devotion, uklin, attribution, vyznannya … (to whom), including names for the meaning of the text: a note, sheet, prompt, messenger, telegram ... (to whom).

(6) Kryuchkov having read deputies Andropov’s sheet, directions from the Politburo on September 24, 1977, which was called “About the plans of the CIA for the recruitment of agents of the middle of the Radyansky hromadas.” [A. Yakovlev. A pool of memory. (2001)]

(7) Client representatives viklali designers The main features of your business and the power of your creative work. ["Business Journal" (2004)]

(8) At the bunker, the laughter of officers is circulating. ― Command division prompt, - punish general Andreev. - Dyakuyu all before the line. [I. F. Stadniuk. Keys to the sky (1956)]

(9) On the other hand, a decision was made to investigate the issue of carrying out the next part of the DSU at the GUVS of Moscow and transfer it for further investigation to the prosecutor's office of the Tver region, about given the statement Prosecutor of the Moscow City. [“Totally taєmno” (2003)]

(10) I Chonkin vodpovidav youmu willingly and reportedly, while not shamenuvsya, scho vibovtuє first zustrіchny absolutely secret to Viysk Taєmnitsyu. [Art. Voinovich. The life of that supremacist soldier Ivan Chonkin (1969-1975)]

(11) The offensive candidate at the rector, Leonid Melnikov, who Dmitro Trubetskov called his successor, also declared delegates Rosequit to the University. ["Bagatiy" (2003)]

(12) - Too rich tee grimacing Caesarean upon me, and now my time has come, Kaifa! [M. A. Bulgakov. Meister ta Margarita (1929-1940)]

(13) Our teachers are none not flattered young. [Art. Smikhiv. Theater of my memory (2001)]

(14) Prote, I call in front of the fears of Vasily Ivanovich, be rude sovereign Fedir did not become. [B. Vasiliev. Buli and not Buli. (1988)]

(15) Beryozkin looked around at the German booths, winking Glushkov i escaped. [Art. Grossman. Life is that share (1960)]

(16) Public applauded soloists DABT Katerina Golovlevy and Kostyantin Tolstobrova in "Tosc", directors Pavel Klinichov and Volodymyr Andropov. [Russian Musical Newspaper (2003)]

(17) Asking a writer squealed from the sides. Most of them were naїvnymi, uchnіvskim, with a great touch of "literary". [N. Penkiv. Bula it's time (2002)]

(18) We acknowledge those that Kasyanov's visit to Kudrin and Gref is not a directive against the President. Navpak, tse shvidshe messenger President. ["Shchenny magazine" (2003)]

(19) In Jobson and Cook, alcoholism is common proof buttya, for other reasons you are not satisfied. ["Screen that scene" (2004)]

(20) Kazan team reservists ( Okreme "Dyakuyu" Mrsicі Simpkins) in the maisternosti, they were a little upset when they started, but for equal excitement, they turned them around. [Izvestia (2003)]

(21) The onset of the mediocre Commodus and crooked chvari voivod after his death - the axis sign christians that soon the devil will come to put in order the old recession of Caesar and Augustus! [Knowledge is Power (2003)]

(45) Liquid Computing allow IT staff confirm mittevim requests business". ["Computerworld" (2004)]

(46) So, like a volodarka smart shkiri, you fit warm and dark tone ["Dasha" (2004)]

(47) At the same time, the interests of the state, like a bunch of officials, bandits, magnates, absolutely superprint to the interests of the welfare state, to the interests of Russia as such. ["Tomorrow" (2003)]

(48) Templates - a basic tool with virizami, outline them follow the contours of the vibrations that vibrate. ["People's creativity" (2004)]

(49) Buyer retail purchase. [“For Kerm” (2003)]

(50) Depending on which principle, koristuvach can "be" a system of necessary functionality, improve the minds and features of the university, victorist without any reworking of data of one subsystem in data of another. [" Information technologies» (2004)]

(51) A scheme is presented for the movement of goods in the sphere of trade in the sphere of supply and adequate to these processes Vitrati. [Nutrition for Statistics (2004)]

(52) These models are absolutely strangers to Galileo, Descartes, Spinoza, Newton. [Knowledge is Power (2003)]

(53) In the 1920-1930s, the old words alien to Radyansky I will that ideology, like a "sign of habitation". [“Unfinished stock” (2004)]

2.2.5. Experimenter

• words: swear, get bogged down, snuggle up, succumb (to whom), suss, suss, shy away, remember, want, imponuvati, sdavatisya, lighten up, merehtiti, lie down(Maud.), spit, spit, spit, spit, numb, can’t, not be patient, like, spit, spit, stoogid, spit, give up, take it easy, fall in love, be seen, graze, feel, be seen, be taken in, come to, with isti (Youmu will have to drink), stick(Youmu can not take the fate of such right), get bored, get bored, get bored, dream about, get fancy, get bored(Let me know that R), catch up(Maud.), feel, get in(You don't dare to zalyakat me), want, chhati(Youmu chati for everything), go into that in;
• prikmetniki: close, respectful, it is seen, expensive, know, vіdomy, mily, hated, non-primary, consumed, receiving, unacceptable, cute, a little, heavy, annual that in.

NOTE. With predicates radium (to), radio (what) the distant vision is the Stimulus, and the Experimenter is the name of the vision.

(54) Yakscho Europeans be tempted follow in the footsteps of our "heroes", then the Spaniards will know what to tell the English, the French, the Germans, the Italians, the French ... ["The Swan" (2003)]

(55) Secretaries and members of the Bureau, yakі їkhali on svyatkuvannya. nabridlo stand in the wind, and the stench of the new force to the cars. [Art. Grossman. Life is that share (1960)]

(56) Vysoka, a flat woman with eyebrows, who grew up to be transferred, nastyly saved herself, calling herself Chigrashov’s sister, said suvoro that Viktor Matviyovich is unwell, and asked the closest brother of the day not to be turbulent. [WITH. Gandlevsky. NRZB (2002)]

(57) I Arkady Lukyanovich thought What universities, academics and other establishments of the ninth intelligentsia seemed to you now, beyond the limits, more tendentious, unstable, ready at any moment to collapse and crush the bagmen who were there. [F. Gorenstein. Koopa (1982)]

(58) Nikanor Ivanovich felt better after vporskuvannya, and vіn having fallen asleep without everyday dreams. [M. A. Bulgakov. Meister ta Margarita (1929-1940)]

(59) Vistava halls fit. Do not throw eggs and then do not crawl onto the stage anymore. [“MN Hour” (2003)]

2.2.6. Posesor (Vlasnik)

• words: distance, lie down, vistachiti, hapati; get around, koshtuvati (X koshtuvav someone what);
• predicative: enough, little, rich;

(61) Dear lucky people right distance distancing see great-grandmother-great-dusiv. [Izvestia (2001)]

(62) Volunteers cheaper manage taxis, theaters and bathing at the pools, as well as goods in shops that come to the program. [“For Kerm” (2004)]

(63) Today's masters do not hang knowledge of the country's folk culture ["Folk creativity" (2004)]

(64) - Nevzhe you are not enoughієї majestic number of waters, how do they wag on you today? [Art. M. Garshin. Attalea Princeps (1879)]

(65) ― Youmu ta bagato halves, - the squad got in, as if at once they turned around with plates. - At the same time, such a man pishov, in the form of one cup he saves up to fall. [A. Shcherbakov. Antelope Groin (2002)]

2.2.7. Nosy Yakost

(67) Vin not succumbing to calm embellish the economic camp of the country, wanting, obviously, not having overlooked those ruins, as if they stood behind Rest of the Rocks. ["St. Petersburg Vіdomosti" (2003)]

(68) Unfortunately, it turned out that the most pathogenic and possibly do not give in to jubilation genotype 1b. [“Nutrition for Virology” (2002)]

69 succumb to the cloud, And heads with the hands, for example, kidnapped or with nods. [Knowledge is Power (2003)]

2.3. Structurally, far-reaching considerations: constructions and determinants

2.3.1.1. Giving advice for infinitives

(70) Why meni more travel If I pershu "Volga" Mayzhe forty years ago having bought it? ["Autopilot" (2002)]

(71) Vaughn said / scho the boy is talented / ale youmu more practice/ pratsyuvati ta pratsyuvati. [Rozmova near Voronezh (2001)]

(72) Dorn's calm words can do nothing: Arkadina already don't worry like a blow. ["Screen that scene" (2004)]

(73) Chi do not know Korobova Through the likes of naming kolіzії passed and after that the role played for the formation of the internal Crimean poetic “mi” like chotirivirsh Grachov. [Zhovten (2001)]

(74) Buy a drink And everything is marveling at the dog. [R. G. Bilikh. Lapti (1929)]

(75) The director is loudly and unimportantly rude: "married for meat pies, even with liver." Chi not Kurochkina would say about meat. [A. Arkhangelsk. Message to Timothy (2006)]

2.3.1.2. Davalniy vіdminok with besosobovom pasivі

2.3.2. Structures with displacement

In constructions with misplaced words, the word is valence, as with which word it does not manifest itself, but with another word it manifests itself in the form of a given word. Therefore, the language can go about the misplacement: the name group is misplaced according to that word, it is connected semantically with it (although it was expressed in a different, not-long-standing form), to the other word, porivn. Put a note in your gut(in the gut) or be brought (like a determinant) to all propositions, equally. Youmu is out of place here; with which one won’t take away the dative coding (i - іnodi - connected with it by additional connotations).

NOTE. Tsey constructively zumovleniya and nadzvychayno extensions type Posesora's vislovlyuvannya slіd vіdrіznyati vіd t.zv. "Slovnikovo given Posesor" (porivn. belong to whom), the powerful great unnumerable group of predicates (div.).

2.3.2.2. Constructions with relational names

In such constructions, take the role of relational names (names for the meanings of the reference), so that the valence of another member of the reference ( Brother, Friend, comrade, supernik etc.), as well as functional names with an element of relational semantics ( boss handing over a bad one, judgment transferring the court toscho.). In a standard relationship, the valency to another person, who takes the fate of the marriage, is expressed by the birthright ( Petya's friend; Ivanov's chief) or an assigned borrower ( my helper, our friend):

(76) Vin tobi father; I tobi not a judge / not a friend / not a helper / not a boss; Tee meni not a friend of the next; I їй Rіdnya, won't shun me; Gander pig not a comrade (por. not making friends, not jealous).

(77) - I do not know the daily Grachovs, and Grachovs meni not a decree, - having said Minkin already less impressed. [D. Bikiv. Spelling (2002)]

(78) Ale and here "united Russia" are not competitors communists and especially LDPR. ["Pidbags" (2003)]

(79) Kinets - right vinets. (Last)

2.3.2.3. Lexicalized constructions for displacements

Before the constructions from the name Posesor and relational names adjoin strongly lexicalized constructions to the type:

(80) Smile only on my square! I'll send you to the police! Hirshe - at the madhouse! there tobi the same place! [I. Grekov. Fracture (1987)]

(81) Starim there is no place here!

(93) Vіn sheathing ditlakhіv, shiv cloth retinues that costume sobi. [A. Solzhenitsyn. For the first time (1968)]

(94) brewing to the soldiers mead and porridge, and then miv cauldrons. [M. Semenov. Wolfhound: Sign of the Way (2003)]

(95) Mother borrowed fifteen rubles from the sir. Bought Suchkov pull ticket. [WITH. Dovlativ. Ours (1983)]

2.3.4.2. Constructions of inconsistency

A similar approach may be far from the designs with the values ​​of inconsistency:

(96) Meni maly jacket; Children this style is high.

At constructions Stilec high; The jacket is small simply characterize the value of the parameter of any object; tse, so bimoviti, "minimal" situation. The structures Children's stilets high An expanded situation is described: a “quickie” is declared, which one is chosen to win the given subject and which value of the parameter is not in power. Such constructions have a far-reaching semantics, close to low factual.

2.3.4.3. Expressive ("rhetorical") distant

Constructions with an expressive long-range character are typical for a rose-movie.

(104) catch up "fashion", I try to cultivate ideas in myself. ["Domoviy" (2002)]

(105) Dorimuyuyuschisya commandmentsІllіcha, on the basis of numbers, Volodya took a bunch of assistants from him and started, started, and started. ["Right" (2002)]

(106) Vin next choice your heart. [Art. Irrigation. Ese from the book " Mystery history creation" (2001)]

(107) Strictly get ready orders the doctor and precisely follow the likuvalni procedures. ["Health" (1999)]

(108) Dorimuyuyuschisya we call, Shvidko got sick of raising the vines, or those that were in the air, like a vine. [A. S. Green. Willow (1923)]

(109) Yakscho catch up logic reforms, great dividends are not taken away. ["Krasnoyarsk Robotnik" (2003)]

Pddatisya vmovlyannyam - eliptic propositions).

3.1.3. Subject not significant

The subject is not significant - the meaning of the expression of the virobnik of dei chi I will become until tsієї dei chi I will become:

(110) Once upon a time, if Olga it was unhealthy and she inadvertently sneezed, old M'yasovidova told the courts that, maybe, she died in a wounded Mark, that, maybe, when she came to her ninth, to say goodbye to her native home, blukav around the room and chhav. [Art. P'tsukh. Shafa (1997)]

(111) I їй good Viyskovsky funny; stink already not so angry at the short army; didn't they see them? [A. Arkhangelsk. 1962. Epistle to Timothy (2006)]

(112) Navit unprofessional it can be seen that the smell is absolutely not the same, moreover, there is less cicavia. [Beauty, health, repair: Cosmetics and perfume (forum) (2004)]

(113) In one company of correspondents of "Autopilot" said, what new clients the next work is no less than lower for tyzhden. ["Autopilot" (2002)]

From a look at the semantics of the predicate, the subject of the physiological, emotional, perceptual chi modal becomes obvious.

3.1.4. Significance (what characterizes) meaning

The edge of abstract meanings being rehabilitated in the given word is seen from the beginning, or else it characterizes the meaning, as it is conditioned by the lexical-semantic class of the lingering word and, therefore, more concrete. The initial distant turn the characteristics of the object, dії, I will become or the whole situation: the price of pennies, monument to Pushkin, bird grain.

NOTE. There are also differences in terms of furnishing-characterizing meanings - locative ( go to the booth, walk along the paths); temporal (