Crime under the hour of Another Light War - history in photographs. The atrocities of the fascists in the Crimea due to the fears The occupation regime in the Crimea under the hour

The Great Victic War near Crimea.

1941-1945 rocks

The title of a place of Russian glory is not given just like that. Having seized Sevastopol, it was not for the sake of it, as Katerina the Great gave it to her, but not for the marvelous view of the sea. This title is sprinkled with the blood of Russian soldiers and sailors - and not just in one war. Among them, the people of Crimea, soldiers, and sailors of Russia demonstrated miracles of heroism, resilience and courage. One of the most beautiful episodes that showed the fighting spirit of the people of Crimea was the Great Victic War.

Our entire history clearly demonstrates that enemies can only overcome the Russian world in the hour of great turmoil. In this very manner, during the World War, during the hour of the enormous war, the German troops came to Crimea. Russia was strong - the German generals never thought about such successes in the most merciful worlds. In Another World War, Hitler was planning ahead to occupy the village. The outcome was twofold - against the “unstoppable Wehrmacht” and against the dawn of brotherhood among the peoples of the Radyansky Union. Only the order of the appearance of the German army in 1918 and 1941 in Crimea was fundamentally different. During the Gromadian War, the German army reached Crimea practically without support - this was the reason for the disengagement from Russia. At the hour of the Great Patriotic War, the Hitlerites reached Crimea after bloody battles, after the heroic defense of Sevastopol, which took 250 days. And then the stench began to fall on the warden, separate and panic.

The plans of the Third Reich's invasion of Crimea are of strategic importance, such as taking control of the Black Sea, which would lead to an attack on the Caucasus. Moreover, during the occupation of the village, the Germans acquired significant human and material resources. The struggle for Crimea involved three fates, which we can intelligently divide into three periods:

The liberation of Crimea by the Radyan army from the beginning of the century to the beginning of 1944.

For the “pearl of Russia,” as Catherine II lovingly nicknamed Krim, the Fuhrer had very specific plans. Hitler believed that the island could be settled by the Germans and annexed directly to Germany, transformed into “Gotenland”, the land of the Goths. In this manner, the Fuhrer, who knows history, wants to bolster the advance of the “Aryan race” in Crimea, and immediately control the most important bridgehead of the Black Sea. Simferopol was renamed to Gothenburg, and Sevastopol to Theodorichshafen. Over the year, the Esses launched an expedition to the Crimean fort of Mangup, where it was the capital of the principality of Theodoro, which was reduced to the Turks in 1475. Apparently, behind the bags of the expedition, the Führer of the local SS L. von Alvensleben realized that the Mangup fortress was immediately reclaimed by the Goths from many other places on the frozen coast of Crimea. That was the Germans, which gave them the right to turn Crimea under the jurisdiction of the descendant German tribe. Before the war, one of the most important Hitlerite ideologists, Alfred Rosenberg, came up with a plan for the future occupation of the territory of the USSR. Together with it, there are five Reichskomissariats covered with buried lands: “Muscovy”, “Ostland” (Baltic States and Belarus), “Ukraine” (with Crimea), “Caucasus” and “Turkestan”. Apparently, the Nazi blitzkrieg failed, the Reich managed to create only two Reichskommissariat - “Ukraine” and “Ostland”. The German government realized that it was impossible to protect the occupied territories, including military force, without the use of correct political methods. One of these methods was the game of national counter-prohibitions. Rosenberg planned that Crimea would become part of the “Great Ukraine” under the name “Tavria”. It turns out that bringing Crimea to Ukraine is only possible with a great stretch, since the number of Ukrainians who live in the region was negligibly small. To solve the problem, Rosenberg urged that all Russians, Tatars and Jews should be killed. Whom he inherited the will of Hitler, who on June 16, 1941, on behalf of the political leadership of the Third Reich, declared that Crimea “needs to be cleared of all foreigners and populated with Germans.” In this case, the stench is to blame for the keruvati straight from Berlin, and its accession to Ukraine - it is purely technical in nature.

The Great Vietnamese War, which began on June 22, 1941, quickly reached Crimea. Already on the 24th spring of 1941, these German divisions together with the Romanian corps at the warehouse of the 11th German Army of the Army Group "Pivden" under the command of General Eric von Manstein launched an attack on Crimea the territory of occupied Ukraine through the Perekop Isthmus. With additional artillery and aviation, in two days of battle they manage to break through the Turkish Wall and occupy Armenian. With the forces of one cavalry and two rifle divisions, the operational group of the Red Army under the command of Lieutenant General P. I. Batov go on a counterattack. In connection with the constant waste of ammunition and the great expenses of the division's special warehouse, Manstein praises the decision to urgently slow down the offensive on the post-war front. On June 18, 1941, three divisions of the 11th German Army attacked the Ishun positions, which were defended by coastal batteries and sub-units of the Black Sea Fleet. After ten days of bloody battles, Manstein manages to break through the defenses of the Radyan troops. As a result, our Primorsky Army advances to Sevastopol, and the 51st Army, which was previously transferred to Crimea from Odessa, reaches Kerch, and then later evacuates to the Taman Peninsula. On June 30, 1941, the heroic defense of Sevastopol ended.

The first attempts of the German army to take the place “from the front” proved unsuccessful. At that time, the Sevastopol defense region had miraculous fortifications, which included two coastal defense batteries with 305-mm large-caliber shells. The garrison of Sevastopol, which was formed from the sea lust of the Black Sea Fleet, after the reinforcement of the Primorsky Army, had approximately 50 thousand individuals with 500 harmats. The strong defense allowed the Radian army to defend the place with a lifelong hold.

On April 17, 1941 another assault on Sevastopol began. The place became aware of the German bombing in the south. The anti-Victorian defense of the place was not ready before such a turn came, so the defenders realized the great losses.

Regardless of the fact that the Hitlerites managed to break into the Sevastopol defenses in the area of the Mekenzi Heights, they were never able to break through it. The secrets of the coastal defense battery were hidden. Then the Germans delivered heavy-duty, important units of calibers 420 and 600 mm to the battlefield, and the Krup company also developed a unique attachment for the impressive artillery armor “Dora”. Vono fired 53 seven-ton (!) shells at the Sevastopol forts. It didn’t help - the place was getting wet.

Moreover, at that moment, if the Germans were on the approaches to Moscow, the Radyan command tried to seize the initiative from the enemy and carried out active operations in Crimea. On April 26, 1941, the Great Landing near Kerch and Feodosia was born. They suffered the fate of the 44th and 51st armies of the Transcaucasian Front and the Black Sea Fleet. In your mind, the landing boules are not only important, but, one might say, inhuman. There was a storm on the cold chestnut sea. The shore was covered with thick ice, which blocked the approach of the ships. In this case, the fleet does not have special capabilities for the recovery of important equipment and delivery of troops to an unoccupied shore. For these purposes, transport and fishing vessels were used. With the help of the neutral forces, the landing operation was cancelled. The main forces of the 44th Army under the command of General A. N. Pervushin landed in Feodosia, and units of the 51st Army of General V. M. Lvov landed on the slopes of the Kerch Peninsula. The Germans began to advance: Feodosia was liberated on the 29th, Kerch was liberated on the 30th, and until the end of the 2nd of 1942, the Kerch Peninsula was completely liberated from fireplaces. Eric von Manstein noted that the share of the German troops at that time “was hanging in the balance.”

Whose activity of the Red Army did not stop. On 5 September 1942, in Evpatoria, the Black Sea Fleet landed in Evpatoria to help the rebels, knocking out the Rumanian garrison. But the victory here was not long in coming - in two days the reserves brought in by the Germans defeated the naval infantry battalion. In the middle of the day, the Radian front was broken through - the Germans buried Feodosia.

Despite the initial success of the Red Army in Kerch, the offensive was not launched. On February 27, 1942, the Crimean Front (established near Kerch after the landing of the 44th, 47th and 51st armies) together with the Primorsky Army (under the command of General I. I. Petrov), which was located in Sevastopol , went on the offensive. Bloody battles raged for several months. And on May 7, 1942, the Germans launched the operation “Walking on Bustards.” The commander of the 11th Army, General Manstein, planned to defeat our troops without depriving them of the ability to escape through the Kerch Channel. For the attack, the weakest place in the defense of the Crimean Front was chosen - Vuzka, 5 km away, preserving the tributaries of Feodosia. Manstein spoke about this operation in his memoirs: “The idea was to launch a major strike not directly on the enemy’s front, which is visible ahead, but at the same time, thus preserving the Black Sea, then in to that place, de enemy, “I guess I’ve woken up a little bit.” Especially to support the Wehrmacht in the air, parts of the 4th Luftwaffe Fleet under the command of General von Richthofen were transferred to Crimea. Despite its great numbers (about 308 thousand people), the Crimean Front was completely unprepared and unprepared for an enemy attack. Having delivered a significant blow to the Pivdni on the shores of the Black Sea, Manstein, with the forces of one tank division, broke through the entire line of defense to the Azov shore, opening the path for the Wehrmacht. For ten days, from 8 to 18 May 1942, one tank division and five infantry destroyed the Crimean Front, the total expenditure of which was great: 162 thousand people, at least 5 thousand troops, about 200 tanks, 400 liters so, 10 thousand cars. The reason for such a catastrophic defeat lies in the incompetence of the commanders of the Crimean Front. As stated by the special order of the Headquarters, the defeat was largely explained by the serious pardons of the commander of the Crimean Front, General D. T. Kozlov, and the representative of the Headquarters, L. Z. Mehlis. For what they were offended they were removed from prison. On May 9, 1942, shortly before the defeat of the Crimean Front, Stalin sent Mehlis a telegram with the following message:

“Crime Front, Comrade Mekhlisu:

Your encryption number 254 has been removed. You are faced with the surprising position of a third-party spy, who does not answer for the Crimefront. This position is very good, but it is completely rotten. On the Crimean Front, you are not a third-party guard, but an official representative of the Headquarters, who bears responsibility for all the successes and failures of the front and the demands to be addressed at the place of mercy by the command. You at the same time give credit to the commanders for the fact that the left flank of the front appeared even weaker. Since “the whole situation showed that the enemy was advancing from the wound,” and you did not survive all the approaches before organizing the reconciliation, surrounded by passive criticism, then it’s worse for you. Well, you still haven’t realized that you were sent to the Krimfront not as State Control, but as a representative representative of the Headquarters. You hope that we replace Kozlov with Hindenburg. Ale Vi can't help but know what we don't have in the Hindenburg reserve. If you asked Krim, it would be easy, and you could get in with them yourself. Yakbi Vikor fought with assault aircraft not on the side, but against the tanks and manpower of the enemy, the enemy would not have broken through the front and the tanks would not have passed. You don’t need to be Hindenburg to understand this simple matter, sitting for 2 months on the Crimean Front.

Stalin. Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks 9.V.42 r.

Our army is no longer accustomed to fighting. It's 1942, not 1941. There is no need for raptism, prote Manstein to smash Kozlov. Do we know the great commander Kozlov? No. And the axis of Zhukov, Rokossovsky and many other famous military leaders began to become the creators of our Victory from 1942 onwards. We fought harder in Crimea, and this unacceptable truth remains to be known. The reason for the defeat of our army in Crimea is, among other things, the commander’s incompetence in conducting combat operations as a result...

Some time ago, after the liquidation of the Crimean Front, the Germans lost the ability to concentrate all their forces on the assault on Sevastopol. On June 7, 1942, the third and final assault on the place begins. Yoma suffered from five days of bombardment and shelling. They defend themselves with a sufficient number of civilian aircraft, as well as shells for anti-aircraft artillery, which caused great losses - some brigades lost more than 30-35% of their special stock. In addition, the Germans, who were panicking in the wind, sank the transport ships that were attached to the site, thereby saving the Sevastopol reserves of ammunition and food. On the 17th of August, after the bloody battles, the Germans went to the foot of the Sapun Mountains in the afternoon and at the same time to the foot of the Mekensian Heights in the evening. Remnants from today, the place was fortified more strongly, Manstein organized a rapt attack on Pivnichna Bay on the night of the 29th - German soldiers secretly crossed into the bay on inflatable chawls. The dominant height above the place, Malakhov Kurgan, was taken by the Germans on 30 rubles. As in the Crimean War, the capture of Malakhov Kurgan became the final chord of the defense of Sevastopol. The reserves' ammunition, as well as drinking water, had run out, so the commander of the defense, Vice Admiral F. S. Zhovtnevy, ordered the evacuation of the main and senior command warehouse of the army and fleet from the port for additional aircraft. ї. Others continued their self-imposed struggle.

The heroic defense of Sevastopol, the head base of the Black Sea Fleet, lasted 250 days and nights. On the 1st of June 1942, the forces of the inhabitants of Sevastopol were destroyed, and around them, groups of civilian soldiers and sailors struggled for many years. The loss of Crimea changed the situation both on the Black Sea and on the abandoned flank of the Radian-German front. The route to the Caucasus through the Kerch Channel was open to German traffickers. The German army was at the height of its power - the Germans reached Stalingrad. So that in a short time they will appear defeated and demoralized at the Stalingrad cauldron.

The rest of Crimea was occupied by the Germans after the remaining henchmen of Sevastopol fell or were captured. It’s not possible to accept the occupation as if it were a one-time action. As the German armies penetrated the territory of the region behind the front line, occupation administrations were created. Formally, the general district “Crime”, which was once part of the Reichskommissariat “Ukraine”, was created on the 1st spring of 1941. When Erich Koch stood, his residence was near the town of Rivny. The General District "Crime" was governed by the General Commissariat under the leadership of A. Frauenfeld. Until the summer of 1942, the territory of the Crimea district was the domain of a working army, and there were problems with the implementation of the planned administrative-territorial structure. Until that moment, when General Manstein’s 11th Army captured Crimea from the Serpny Spring of 1942, the war was fought under subordinate forces: civilians and military. The first was more nominal, but the other was real. Such a camp was called before the center of the general district was transferred from Simferopol to Melitopol, and the administrative unit itself took the name of the general district “Tavria”. Therefore, in historiography it is often possible to combine the name of the district “Crimea - Tavria”.

In the occupied territory of Crimea, the Nazis burned up instruments of terror. Whose sensei Krim did not survive in Belarus, Ukraine and Latvia, but immediately after the arrival of the “German liberators” mass strife began and concentration labor began. In an hour of camping near Krim, the Nazis shot 72 thousand Krim residents, and imprisoned over 18 thousand in prisons and camps. The Crimea of the civilian population, 45 thousand of the Radyan military servicemen were deprived of their lives, and they fell asleep. Mіstvem "Dachau" becoming a radio center near Simferopol "Chervoniy", re-possession under the tabir of death. Both the Radyan army and the inhabitants of Crimea were at peace. During the hour of occupation, cruel shootings took the lives of over 8 thousand people.

“According to eyewitness accounts, the barbaric regime collapsed at the camp. With time and effort, you can get a loaf of bread for 6-8 people and one liter of gruel, which is made from water and a small amount of pearl barley. People were used as horse-drawn vehicles, they were harnessed to carts and carts, loaded with stones and earth. Over the course of the day, the robots were busy dragging stones and earth from one place to another and back. For the offense they fought with clubs and batogs from the chest and whipped skin... From 10 to 12 April 1944, from the 8th anniversary of the evening until the 3rd anniversary of the wound, the German cats removed the wounds one by one and in small groups they threw them alive into a well with clay up to 24 meters. . With a variety of strong bodies, less than 10 individuals were found to have culo injuries. A medical examination of other recovered corpses (60 individuals) established that they were thrown into the well alive. At that well, nearly 200 corpses were left undiscovered... On the 2nd fall of 1943, at least 1,200 corpses were taken from the camp, two kilometers from the camp in the Baltic in Dubki, the stench was doused with flammable waste and the bedrooms. At the time of the commission's restoration of the place, the bedroom was installed, and at the Dubki Palace the bedroom of the corpses of civilians was carried out more than once during the period 1942-1943. The area where the bedroom was located has an area of 340 square meters. m. Burnt human brushes, metal parts of clothes, and also pieces of resin were found here.

Following the investigation of the town residents, the commission found that another town bedroom was connected to the camp, near the garden of the Radgospa "Chervoniy", near the bird farm, a square area of about 300 sq. We have found speech evidence similar to the above-described bedroom location.

In addition, on the territory of the camp, over 20 pits were discovered, filled with human corpses. The commission established that in the Dubki tract, from the territory of the camp, the camps were systematically brought from the Central House, the field gendarmerie from the camp, and also buried during the raids of the masses, who were driven in groups into the caponiers, where they were shot. Many victims were drowned alive. In addition, 415 corpses were found in the 4 pits investigated by the commission... 122 individuals were identified, among them a group of artists and practitioners of the Crimean State Theater. The relatives of the victims were informed about the transfer of their injuries to Sevastopol, and the murderers themselves were also informed about this. Among the corpses near the pits were found sacks, pillows, and carpets. In one pit, out of 211 corpses, 153 human corpses were found with hands twisted back and tied with a dart...”

Like Germans everywhere, local “elements” were recruited to bury the concentration camps. It is no secret that many Nazi death camps (called Sobibor) were buried by Ukrainian nationalists. According to the evidence, the Tatar volunteers from the 152nd battalion of auxiliary police Shuma were guarding the tabernacle at the Chervoniy State Hospital following the same German “scheme”. The Nazis began their favorite tactic of pitting people against each other, which they wanted to achieve a new peace and after holding a coup in Ukraine, in the course of the tragedy that erupted at the Pivdenny Gathering. There, where the population was rich in nationalities, other methods were practiced. Therefore, we appreciate such wonderful speeches, since in one Bryansk region, the population of rural localities is important for Russians, formerly the Lokotsky district and the Dyatkovo district. The first had a self-governing brigade under the command of Kaminsky, who fought against the partisans, while the other had full-fledged Radyansky rule and the Germans did not bother there. And this is within the borders of one Russian region! Although they helped the Germans fight the partisans and civilian populations, others found themselves with occupiers. When Kaminsky’s brigade formed in the Lokotsky region, assisted the occupiers, atrocities were committed in the Bryansk region, sometimes with the participation of ethnic Russians against ethnic Russians. Just a bunch of numbers:

“For two years now, the Bryansk land has suffered from the fear of fascist occupation. The Hitlerites created 18 concentration camps for army troops and 8 death camps for civilians. Many villages and villages were depleted due to connections with the partisans, and their inhabitants, including children and elderly people, were shot or burned to death. So, in the village of Boryatino, Klitnyansky district, on June 30, 1942, all men and rich women were shot - 104 individuals, five individuals were hanged. In the village of Vzdruzhne, Navlinsky district, 132 individuals were shot and burned in the 19th spring of 1942, in the village of Vorki, 137 individuals were shot and burned, in the village of Vorki, in 1942, all 125 residents of the village of Uprusi were shot and burned, Zhiryatinsky district. y".

Well, if you tell the truth, then tell it all...

On September 18, 1942, the head of the partisan movement of the USSR, P. K. Ponomarenko, wrote to Stalin on the 18th of September 1942: “The Germans are fighting against the partisans in order to get to fight the partisans... contingents from our population in the occupied regions, creating military forces out of them.” units, penal and police pens . They want to achieve that the partisans are committed to the fight not against the Germans, but against the formations of the local population... How is the formation going on, nationalistic propaganda... Which is accompanied by the disinflammation of the national warlord, the antis Emitism. The Crimean Tatars, for example, took away the orchards, vineyards and Tyutun plantations, selections from the Russians, Greeks, etc.”

Why did the Nazis decide to turn for information processing and began to respectfully put themselves before the Crimean Tatars, whom it is extremely difficult to call Aryans? The key to the understanding of the Hitlerites against the Crimean Tatars is to search in another country - Turechchyna. Paying close attention to the Crimean Tatar people, the leaders of the Third Reich looked for the possibility of drawing Turechchyna into war on the side of the Axis. Turkish delegations have asked to visit the island several times. For the first time in the early 1941s, two Turkish generals arrived in Crimea - Ali Fuad Erden and Husnu Emir Erkilet. The official purpose of the trip was to learn about the successes of the German troops. However, according to the knowledge of V. von Hentig, a representative of the Ministry of Health of the Third Reich under the command of the 11th Army, they were less affected by the military successes, and the axis of the political intentions of the Germans was similar to the Crimean Tatars - however, very active. Another delegation from Turkey visited the village during the period of its occupation by the Germans, September 8, 1942. Before her, members of the Turkish parliament came to visit, and were treated to a sumptuous welcome.

If we talk about collaboration during the period of the Nazi occupation of Crimea, then only the Crimean Tatars can guess the overwhelming amount of Radian propaganda. This myth has become a legacy of a national tragedy - the deportation of the Crimean Tatar people. However, it is important to note that, first of all, not all Crimean Tatars were committed to collaboration. In another way, the Crimean Tatars cooperated with the occupation administration. People who were active collaborators of the occupiers were appointed to the positions of the heads of the municipal self-government. Let's see who was a Nazi official. Before the speech, at the seat of the Yalta burgomaster, appointments V. Maltsev. The same one who, since September 1, 1946, together with General Vlasov and other high-ranking officers of the so-called “Russian Free Army” (ROA), was promoted to the court of the Butirskaya Vyaznitsa. The head of the Simferopol Municipal Administration was also Russian for nationality M. Kanevsky. In Feodosia, the district administrations were headed by the Ukrainian M. Andrzheevsky, and the municipal ones by the Russian V. Gruzinov, and then by the Belarusian I. Kharchenko.

A great role was played by collaborationist fighting formations, which assisted the Wehrmacht in the fight against the Crimean partisans. Their number for the entire period of occupation was constant: in the Russian and Cossack units - about 5 thousand individuals, in the Ukrainian units - approximately 3 thousand individuals, in parts of similar legions - approximately 7 thousand individuals and in the Crimean Tatar molds - from 15 to 20 thousand people

Since the beginning of 1943, a recruiting point for the Vlasov “Russian Free Army” appeared on the island. It should be said that the popularity of wine is not important. Just as in the middle of the Crimean Tatars the Germans easily played on the national counter-protests, then from the Russians in the entire hour they were unlikely to be able to recruit to the ROA lava (including the concentration camps that were languishing), more than a few thousand people. And then, close to the beginning of 1944, the least third of them switched to the partisans.

In this manner, talking about collaboration among the middle class, especially the Crimean Tatars, is fundamentally incorrect. It is also important to note that, since the 1939 census, the Crimean Tatars were different from the nationality of the region - 19.4% (218,179 people) of the Russian population (Russians - 49.6%, 558 4 81 people). Therefore, based on national politics, as Rosenberg put it, smells were a priority among those living with Ukrainians, of whom at that time there were only 13.7% of the territory of the region. And the main efforts of the Germans were aimed at pitting the Russian and Crimean Tatars against each other. However, not all representatives of the Crimean Tatar people took this route. For example, the head of the Pivdennogo headquarters of the partisan movement, Comrade Seleznyov, closer to the spring campaign of 1944, the fate of Crimea in the radiogram reports: “Atrocities, plunder, violence of the Germans will embitter and embitter the population no occupied territories. Dissatisfaction with the occupiers is growing today. The population is waiting for the arrival of the Red Army. It's typical that Crimean Tatars desert the partisans in droves" So, the commissar of the 4th partisan brigade was Mustafa Selimov. The brigade itself had 501 Crimean Tatars, which was approximately a quarter of its strength. After the outbreak of the Great Crimean War, many Crimean Tatars began to defend our land together with other peoples. Zokrema, Abdraim Reshidov, serving as commander of a bomber aviation regiment. Throughout the war, 222 battles were won and the title of Hero of the Radyansky Union was awarded. The vinischuvach pilot Akhmet Khan Sultan especially killed 30 German pilots, for which he was awarded the title of Hero of the Radyansky Union for two times. 15 fascist tanks were hit by shells under the command of Seitnafe Seitveliev during the defense of Odessa, in the battles near Kerch and Sevastopol, in the battle of Kursk Duse and during Operation Bagration.

At the fall of 1941, Krim had 27 partisan camps with a total population of 3,456 individuals. Kerivnitstvo by the partisan movement was created in 1941 by the headquarters of the partisan movement Krim. Having cleared the headquarters, Colonel A.V. Mokrous. 27 partisan corrals operated in six districts, where the entire territory of the village was mentally divided. The partisans fought fiercely and decisively, respecting the 11th Army of great insecurity. Eric von Manstein, who commanded the 11th Army, told the Nuremberg Tribunal about the price at the end of the Nuremberg Tribunal: “The partisans became a real threat from the moment they buried the Cream (in the autumn leaf fall of 1941). There is no doubt that in Crimea the partisan organization was dismantled, as it had been in the making for a long time. Thirty guilty battalions... represented only a part of this organization. It is important that most of the partisans were in the Yayla Mountains. There, perhaps, at first there were thousands of partisans... But the partisan organization was by no means surrounded by such enclosures as they were in the Yayla mountains. There are a small number of great bases and their head ranks in the localities... The partisans tried to control our head communications. The stinks attacked various birds and single cars, and at night a single car did not dare show up on the road. All day long the partisans attacked various pods and solitary vehicles. By the way, we managed to create a system of our own convoys. For the entire hour that I was at Krim (until the sickle of 1942), we could not run into trouble on the side of the partisans. If I have lost Cream, the fight against them is not over yet.”

Among other things, not even older people took part in the partisan Russia - pioneers and Komsomol members also made all possible contributions to the defeat of the enemy. Here you can guess the 15th-century Vilor Chekmak, who revealed the world’s butt of self-confidence and masculinity. At the warehouse of the Sevastopol paddock on the 10th leaf fall of 1941, we were at the guard of the village of Morozivka (at that time - Alsou) near the Balaklava region. Noticing that the enemy's corral was approaching, he signaled to his corral with a rocket launcher. After which, one by one, they took an uneasy fight with the enemy. When the important young man ran out of ammunition, he blew himself up with a grenade as soon as the enemy approached.

However, not all partisans were based in the mountains and forests. A trace of news about the excavated nearby Kerch and Adzhimushka quarries, where they were made of vapnyak. Due to the natural peculiarities of the stretching of the stones, a network of excavations and long catacombs was created at the quarries. After the defeat of the Crimean Front in Travna in 1942, more than 10 thousand local residents and soldiers of the Red Army were buried in them and were lost alive. In the newly created partisan corral, Colonel P. M. Yagunov, under the supervision of which there were rapid attacks on the enemy, who did not suspect anything. The Nazis could not understand for a long time that the partisans were coming. Once the quarry was cleared, bloody battles began. The Nazis bombed the partisans and gassed them. The wells simply filled with the stench and cut off the water for the partisans. However, the inhabitants of the pivostrov were not harmed and were washed until the end of 1942 - only a few were treated. Others fell to the death of good men. The heroic struggle of the partisans in Crimea is not just an episode, but a mass phenomenon. During the 26 months of the fight against the occupiers in Crimea, there were 80 partisan groups with a total number of over 12.5 thousand individuals, as well as 220 underground groups and organizations. During this hour, over 29 thousand German soldiers and policemen were killed, over 250 battles and 1600 operations were carried out.

In response to the partisans, the Nazis began to go wild. For example, 127 settlements were burned and destroyed near the Georgian Crimea. Near the Greek village of Laki on 24 February 1942, the Germans burned 38 people with live bait. Near the village of Ulu-Sala (nine Sinapne), which was located 18 kilometers away from Bakhchisarai, on the upper Kacha River, the Nazis burned 34 people with live bait - old people, women and children. In this case, all the stinks, according to one person, were Crimean Tatars.

1943 became a turning point in the Great German War. The liquidation of the 6th Army near Stalingrad, the Battle of Kursk, the crossing of the Dnieper - this is how the Red Army began to move, which brought light to Nazism. The Crimean offensive operation began in the eighth year of the 8th quarter of 1944. After two years of artillery and air force preparation of the forces of the 4th Ukrainian Front under the command of Army General F.I. Tolbukhin was attacked by Perekop. At the time of this raid, the grouping of the 17th Army in Crimea had 200 thousand soldiers and officers, nearly 3600 guns and mortars, 215 tanks and assault guns, as well as 148 airmen , who were based in Krimu. In addition, the Nazis could have invaded the aviation that was present at the airfields near Moldova and Romania. In the Black Sea, the enemy has seven destroyers and destroyers, 14 submarines, 28 torpedo boats, as well as a large number of other vessels.

After three days of intense fighting, the enemy’s defenses on Perekop were broken through. There was a gap that, having cleared, the 19th Tank Corps was introduced, which was heading straight for Dzhankoy. The place was liberated on the 11th quarter of 1944, and the tank corps continued to actively push into the depths of the pivostrov, having alarmed the Kerch grouping of the enemy, forcing the exit to enter. At the same time, on the 11th quarter, Okrema was attacked by the Primorsky Army under the command of General A. I. on the side of the Kerch crossing. Award for supporting the Black Sea Fleet and the 4th Air Force Army. In the short term there were Feodosia, Simferopol, Evpatoria, Sudak and Alushta. On April 16, 1944, the army of the 4th Ukrainian Front reached Sevastopol. Great to the surgery of operations Radyanzki Vіsyca Mali Significantly Perevg for all the time - Blizko 470 Tysyach Soldier і Ofіtsev, 5982 Garmati TA Minomet, 559 Tankev TA SAU, 1250 LITHIV. The partisans gave great assistance to the Radian army.

Hitler called on the Germans to defend Crimea until the end, “as I will remain ready for the fort.” Sevastopol was once declared by the Fuhrer to be a “fortune place,” which means that the Germans are unlikely to fight for the place until the last soldier is left. The baked meats were steamed for three long lengths. The general assault on the Sevastopol fortified region began on May 7, 1944, in the 10th year of the 30th century after the second year of artillery preparation and massive support from the start. The fascist defense was broken at a 9-kilometer distance. Keyov’s role in the bribe of the same time was Vkhoti - Radyanci Vіska fell Sapun -Goroy, in the Yaki nimezi Zbudali Bagatoyariyu Liniyu, Ukripleni Jes, 36 bunches of 27 bunkers. From this peak one could see the whole place right up to the peak of Chersonesos. The 51st Army, leaving the evening, united with the Okrema Primorsky Army, which collapsed immediately.

On May 10, 1944, the Supreme Commander received the order: “The troops of the 4th Ukrainian Front, supported by massive air strikes and artillery, as a result of three days of offensive battles, broke through the heavily fortified defenses of the Imtsiv, which consists of three dark concrete defensive disputes, and many years of assault captured the fort and the most important military-naval base on the Black Sea - the city of Sevastopol. Tim himself has liquidated the remaining decay of the Germans’ support in Crimea and Crimea has been completely cleared of the German-fascist burial grounds.”

On this day, Moscow saluted the 4th Ukrainian Front, liberating Sevastopol from the occupiers. Varto especially emphasizes the role of the partisans in the liberated Crimea: six of them received the title of Hero of the Radyansky Union, 14 received the Order of Lenin. As for the fighters who entered the 4th Ukrainian Front, many of them were awarded the title of Perekopsky, Sivasky, Kerch, Feodosiysky, Simferopol and Sevastopol. 126 warriors took away the title of Hero of the Radyansky Union, thousands took away other high-ranking towns.

In the fall of 1944, the deportation of the Crimean Tatars took place. The Crimean Tatars from Pivostrov hanged the Bulgarians, Greeks, and Virmens. The Crimean Tatars suffered the most, undoubtedly. Prote, assessing these ideas, it is necessary to understand in what minds the decisions were made, what cruelty was committed by the Nazis and their collaborators, and in what terrible war our country took part.

On May 10, 1944, a note from L.P. Beria with a draft decision on the execution of the Crimean Tatars was placed on Stalin’s desk. After which I accept the praise of the State Defense Committee (DKO) for such points.

All Tatars should be removed from the territory of Crimea and settled permanently as special settlers in the regions of the Uzbek RSR. Place the gallows on the NKVS SRSR.

Establish an offensive order and mind the hanging: a) Allow the special settlers to take with them special items, clothes, household equipment, dishes and food up to 500 kg per family. Mainno, dormitory buildings, outbuildings, furniture and garden lands, which are lost in the city, are accepted by the local authorities... Reception of thinness, grain, vegetables and other types of agricultural products is carried out from the register yu exchange receipts for the skin population point and skin government. Doruchiti NKVS SRSR, People's Commissariat of Agriculture, People's Commissariat of Yasomolprom, People's Commissariat of State Administration and People's Commissariat of the SRSR with 1 lipnya c. R. taxes to RNA proposals for the procedure for returning exchange receipts to special settlers for their received thinness, their poultry, and agricultural products.

See on every echelon with special settlers, at the line for the weather with the NKVS SRSR, one doctor and two nurses with an ample supply of medicines and provide medical and sanitary services for special settlers in the elderly... ensure all echelons with and special settlers who were given hot food and sprinkling.

You can see special settlers who go directly to the Uzbek Russian Socialist Republic, in the places of their resettlement they have a provision for everyday life in Budynka and in government facilities up to 5000 rubles per family with an increase of up to 7 rubles.

The operation of deporting the Crimean Tatars began on May 18, 1944, a week after the revolution. On May 20, 1944, a telegram was sent to the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR L.P. Beria.

“We would like to inform you that it is printed accordingly to your orders on the 18th of May. M. The operation from the hanging of the Crimean Tatars was completed today, May 20, about 16. A total of 180,014 people were hanged, 67 echelons were trapped, of which 63 echelons totaled 173,287 people. sent to the place of destination, 4 echelons will also be sent today.

In addition, the district committee of Krim mobilized 6,000 Tatars of the conscript age, following the orders of the Main Formation of the Red Army towards the towns of Guryev, Ribinsk and Kuibishev.

In addition to those sent for your order to the Moskovvugilla trust, 8,000 people for a special contingent of 5,000 people. also become Tatars.

Thus, 191,044 people of Tatar nationality were exported from the Crimean Autonomous Republic. During the execution of the Tatars, 1137 individuals were arrested for anti-radyan elements, and in total during the hour of the operation – 5989 individuals. Received at the time of hanging: mortars – 10, machine guns – 173, machine guns – 192, rifle guns – 2650, ammunition – 46,603 pcs. During the hour of the operation, the following were obtained: mortars – 49, machine guns – 622, machine guns – 724, screw guns – 9888, ammunition – 326,887 pcs.

During the hour of the operation, there are quite a few daily incidents.

Kobulov, Serov

m. Simferopol".

One of the most widespread myths is that all Crimean Tatars were hanged. This is not true. Participants of the Crimean underground and members of their families, front-line soldiers and their relatives were gathered in the gallows. They deprived them of their place or turned back to Crimea the wives who had made friends with representatives of other nationalities.

In 1967, the Russian Federation adopted a decree of the Supreme Presidency, which recognized the Crimean Tatars as being part of collaborationism and recognized them as rightful citizens of the Republic. It was not until 1989 that the Crimean Tatar people began to turn back to the Little Batkivshchina, after the post-war deportation was declared illegal. Today, since Russia has returned to Crimea, the Crimean Tatar language has become one of the powers here. “The Crimean Tatars turned to their land. I respect that all necessary political decisions may be made to complete the process of rehabilitation of the Crimean Tatar people, decisions to restore their rights, and goodwill in our ongoing relationship,” for meaning President Putin at his birth on January 18, 2014.

At the end of the story about this period of history, Krim would like to remember that on the Crimean land there was a cluster of ceremonies of the SRSR, the USA and Great Britain, on which the shares of the war world rested. Just after the liberation of Crimea from 4 to 11 years of 1945, a conference of the three powers was held in Yalta. The robots took the fate of I. V. Stalin, F. Roosevelt and W. Churchill, ministers of foreign affairs, representatives of the general staffs of the USSR, the USA and Great Britain. At that time, the Radian army was already 60-70 kilometers from Berlin. It was announced that the Conference of the United Nations had begun on the 25th quarter of 1945 in San Francisco. In fact, on the 11th of 1945, the leaders of the USSR, the USA and Great Britain publicly declared their resolve to join the UN. Axis so Crimea soon became the center of world politics.

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This word “occupation” is terrible... How can you live worse, worse, or rather, sleep better, shoulder to shoulder with the enemy?

The inhabitants of Crimea experienced turmoil, shock, and confusion, as they literally fell into occupation right at the very beginning of the war.

On September 20, 1941, by decree of Adolf Hitler, the Reichskommissariat “Ukraine” (an administrative-territorial unit of the Third Reich), which was the leader of Eric Koch, was founded to manage the occupied territories. Before the Reichskommissariat, the significant territory of Ukraine and Crimea was included, the main part of which was occupied at the fall of leaves in 1941, and at the grass and linden trees in 1942, after the fall of Kerch and Sevastopol in the occupation completely.

The arrival of the Germans on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula was accompanied by terror, the killing of civilians, the seizure of food products, clothing, and everything else necessary

The most important way to “pacify” the occupied territories of the USSR is not violence. The arrival of the Germans on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula was accompanied by terror, the killing of civilians, the seizure of food products, clothing, and everything else necessary. In fact, the right to shoot was given to every German military serviceman, based on the directive of the Chief of Staff of the Supreme High Command of the Armed Forces of Germany, Field Marshal Keitel, “About military jurisdiction in the region of Barbarossa and about special and the army is coming,” signed by him on May 13, 1941 to the soldiers and officers of the Wehrmacht Some responsibility was taken for the behavior of the hundred-cent population of the buried areas of the Skhodiya region. It was also created for a special purpose - the Einsatz Group. Rushing in the middle of the military, they ensured the burial of material assets, documents, and carried out actions to liquidate the population. In addition to special pens near Tila Viysk, there were operational corrals and groups from these very pens.

On the 2nd of 1941, in the Bagerivo anti-tank ditch near Kerch, 7 thousand civilians were shot.

Terrorist operations against the population were carried out regularly. The people who turned out to be virtually “locked up” in occupied Crimea, in fact, became the guarantors of the war. According to eyewitness accounts from Nariman Mamutov: “The Germans were afraid of the partisans, and in order to pass through the forest, they made a “human shield” for us, the locals, and followed us to the end of the convoy.”

In this situation, the general population was alarmed not only for their own actions, but also for the operations of the Radian partisans. So, on June 19, 1942, the special correspondent of “Chervonoya Zirka” Major Slesarev reported: “Being unable to fight the partisan movement in Crimea, the Germans are wreaking havoc on the peaceful population of Crimea. Rivers of blood flow from the skin of innocent civilians. For days, the Nazis shot 500 people near Simferopol. The corpses of those shot were taken from the place and collected in the anti-tank river by the Radgospa "Chervona Troyanda". Near the village of Neizats, the Germans shot 31 people, near the village of Beshuy - 21, near Chermanliku - 27 elderly people, women and children. The fascist government became disgruntled and began to push into unforeseen threats. Thus, the military commandant of Karasubazar issued these days an order that for killing one officer 200 civilians would be shot, for wounding an officer - 100 civilians, and for killing one German soldier 100 would be shot and for wounding 5 0 Radian giants.”

Violence was the only method adopted by the occupiers. It would be more correct to say that the occupation policy of the Nazis was a policy of “carrot and bread”

Violence was the only method adopted by the occupiers. It would be more correct to say that the occupation policy of the Nazis was a policy of “carrot and bread.” What is completely logical: the management of new territories - and the Germans are unlikely to lose their world from the Crimea in the future - transferred to the new politics and manipulation of the population. The search of the allies among all the beliefs of the population and national groups is one of the key parts of this strategy.

The bodies of the occupation government in Crimea became the Moscow Department, whose functions included the management of departments and departments of the same administration. The Municipal Administration of Simferopol received Sevastyanov, formerly a priest of the Simferopol Municipal Government. Old age prevailed in rural locality. To monitor internal order and pro-Radian elements, a police force was created.

To characterize the hidden principle of occupation power before the establishment of a new life, it would not be polite to call it a restoration of the old, pre-Bolshovite order. So, for example, Crimea became the Taurian province, as it was broken up into the povet behind the old, pre-revolutionary division; The work in schools was carried out by pre-revolutionary assistants.

From the very beginning of its establishment in Crimea, the occupation government established a pronounced stratification policy - based on the ethnic principle. This approach was entirely reasonable - it “worked” on the part of the peoples, in order to destroy the unity of the Crimean matrimony. “Share and give voluntarily” - this principle best characterizes the nature of totalitarian regimes, including the Nazi one.

Hitler’s pathological hatred was expressed by the Jews, who, according to Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno, were for the Nazis “no less, but not a negative principle like this,” “the happiness of this world” lay “behind their annihilation.” The Jews contributed to the total destruction of all territories occupied by German troops, including Crimea.

Before the Slovaks, the Fuhrer was also viewed with great distrust, the stench was classified as “Untermensch” (literally – “subhumans”, “lower than a human being”). What is the concern of the Turkic peoples and other “Asians”, they, obviously, could not be taken into account by the equals of the “true Aryans” and remained on the equals of the “untermenshoy”, and perhaps even lower. As far as Hitler's plans are concerned about the power of similar peoples, then, as far as new research can judge, the Germans have no small number of serious intentions of granting them power. As the historian Iskander Gilyazov writes from his mission to Ulkusal, in 1942 representatives of the Crimean Tatar emigration Jafer Seydamet and Mustedjib Ulkusal visited Berlin, where they decided to create a nation in Crimea Onalne self-government of the Crimean Tatars. In this manner, it is obvious that the establishment of national committees during the occupation of Crimea - Crimean Tatars, Uzbeks, Turkmens, Virmens and Ukrainians - is not entirely pragmatic - carried out in the life of the policy of the German government nothing - and no more.

Further consideration of the nutritional stratification of the ethnic communities of Crimea, it is significant that the majority of symbolic hierarchical gatherings were attended by Germans and representatives of ethnic groups who were allies of the German armies (Romanians, Bulgarians, Italians). The stench is the smallest and most privileged. It’s also rather natural, less dissatisfying, as it seems, published in the occupation newspaper “Voice of Crime”: “All the Romanians and Bulgarians who are hanging around the area “Simferopol Place” may show up during the war d 10 to 30 vesnya (inclusive) to the field gendarmerie The Moscow commandant's office for registration and removal of news. All Romanians and Bulgarians who have abolished their modernity will enjoy the same rights and benefits as the Germans. Religion must be brought to this nationality. Commandant of the city."

Initially, the Crimean Tatars were seen by the German authorities as potential allies.

On the 23rd leaf fall of 1941, the first warehouse of the Simferopol (Crimea) Muslim Committee was formed, before which came Dzhemil Abdureshidov, Ilmi Kermenchikli and Memet Osmanov. With their special participation or through their representatives, a meeting of the Crimean Tatar population was held in Evpatoria, Bakhchisarai, Yalta, Alushta, Karasubazar, Staraya Krim and Sudak, in order to prepare an army against the Germans a bath with baths allowed the Tatar committees to take place in these places.

In 1942, Muslim committees were established in all places of Crimea (Crimea of Sevastopol)

In 1942, Muslim committees were established in all places in Crimea (Crimea of Sevastopol). Apparently, before the Statute of the Committee, they were ordered by the police chief Krim (also the commander of the security police and the Central Directorate) and worked under his supervision. The rulers and his members were hardened by him. The main tasks of the committees were to promote the interests of the Wehrmacht, the German civil administration and the German police and to represent the interests of the Tatar population.

Regardless of the twisting nature of several publications addressed to Muslim committees, which interpret these wars from the anachronistic positions of Stalinist historiography, it is obvious that there were positive sides to this activity.

The Muscoms were engaged in highly nutritious food related to the life of the Crimean Tatar community. Thus, for example, one of the newspaper’s issues for the spring of 1943 reported that “The Muslim Committee discussed the issue of translating the alphabet into the Latin alphabet, introduced in 1927 and immediately canceled.” The newspaper published information about those committees that protected the everyday life of roads, mosques, and schools; started organizing Muslim holy days (Eid al-Adha, Kurban Bayram).

And, obviously, the most important thing was that for the Crimean Tatars this body of national government served as a guardian. One of the eyewitnesses recalled the fallout from the residents of the village of Biyuk-Ozenbash, who fell out of favor before the German authorities for helping the partisans, for whom they were “judged” before the repressive attacks. In view of the imminent massacre of the locals of the village, the Muslim Committee was in constant trouble. The establishment and activity of Muslim committees during the occupation period served as one of the reasons for the deportation of the Crimean Tatar people.

Over the years, the Crimean Tatars ceased to be seen as effective allies of the Nazis, while active propaganda work began to be carried out among the Russian population. The appeal to the Russian population took place under anti-Bolshovitz and anti-Stalinist slogans (“the Russian people may throw off the yoke of Stalin’s Bolshovism”). Near Simferopol, the recruitment of volunteers from Russian youth was organized for war service. In the spring of 1943, the occupation government launched a broad propaganda campaign with recruitment into the Russian Free Army - with this method, training was held for the Russian, Ukrainian and Tatar population. Investigator Oleg Romanko estimates the number of formations of ROA in Crimea from 2000 to 4000 individuals.

The role of the main propagandist of the occupation forces was decisive.

The most popular and most popular newspaper of the new government is “Voice of Crime”, which was launched by the Simferopol Municipal Administration

The most popular and most popular newspaper of the new ownership was “Voice of Crime”, which was launched by the Simferopol Municipal Administration. The first issue of the Viyshov newspaper was dated 12 April 1941, and the current hour was published from February 1942 to December 1943 - the editor was Oleksandr Buldiev - a singer and publicist, before the war - a legal consultant at the Sudak Legal Consultation Office. The remaining date number is the 4th quarter of 1944. According to the newspaper itself, the initial circulation was 3 thousand copies (it was published 2 times per week), and yearly, 80 thousand copies at a frequency of 3 times per week.

The newspaper published materials about the military actions and the victories of the German army; A lot of articles were dedicated to the “new life” of Krim. The newspaper is small and expresses an anti-Bolshevik and anti-Semitic character.

In 1942, in 1942, the first issue of the newspaper “Azat K’rim” (Vilniy Krim) – a Crimean Tatar language – was published. Here materials were published about the recruitment of volunteers from the Crimean Tatars from the German army, about Stalinist repressions in the 1920-1930s, about the life of the Crimean Tatar diaspora in Turecchyn, Romania; Literary and folklore stories appeared. The last issue of the newspaper dates back to 1944.

During the occupation period, other publications were published - “Woman’s Light”, “Volunteer” (for volunteers of the Russian Free Army), the German newspaper “Deutsch Krim Zeitung”, “Feodosian Bulletin”, “Sakski in Isti" and others. Also, the propaganda work was carried out as representatives of ethnic groups, and directly from the younger generations of the population - for example, women and villages: the former became the main population of the village, the others were “year-olds”.

(There will be more)

Gulnara Bekirova, Crimean historian, member of the Ukrainian PEN Club

At the hour of Another World War, Crimea found itself at the epicenter of the conflict between the USSR and fascist Germany. Radyansky Kerivnytsia looked at this as an unsinkable aircraft carrier on the Black Sea.

At one time, the leaders of the fascist Germans had territory in Crimea that was populated by Germans.

According to Hitler's plans, Krim was transformed into the imperial region of Gotenland (the country is ready). The center of the region - Simferopol - was renamed Gottsburg (the place is ready), and Sevastopol was given the name Theodoricshafen (the harbor of Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, who was alive in 493-526). Krim joined Himmler's project all the way to Germany.

In 1941-1942, the Crimean Republic was baked in by the fighting between the Radyan and German armies. They flared up especially violently in the area of Sevastopol, which was wiped to the core by 1942 fate. After the fall of Krim, two fates were in the hands of the occupiers.

In the spring of 1944, the liberation of Crimea from the German 17th Army began, which was blocked in the region by the Radian troops. The Crimean operation ended on May 12, 1944, with the complete destitution of the enemy grouping.

Italian mine underwater choven. 1942

German officers near Yalta. 1942 r_k

Lipen born 1942 Yalti embankment

Breast born 1941 After a partisan attack.

Yalta against the backdrop of snowy mountains. 1942 r_k

Construction of the Palace of Pioneers on Primorsky Boulevard (a large building for the Institute). Vinnytsia. 1942 r_k

Refugees with their belongings. 1942 r_k

Vorontsov Palace. Alupka. Lipen 1942 roku

Vorontsov Palace. Written in German: “Don’t push against the marmur statue.” lipen 1942 roku

1942 r_k. Strilyanina with Flak 88 ships in Yalta Bay

1942 r_k. German soldiers on the beach near Krimu

Possibly, along the river Kara-Su

The capture of the Germans at the Tatar garden near Krim. 1942 r_k

Lipen 1942. An alarm was built at the port of Sevastopol.

The edge of Pivdennaya Bay, the right hand on the mountain is visible Panorama

Lipen 1942. Prannya odyagu at the port of Sevastopol

The sinking of the cruiser "Chervona Ukraine" near the Grafskaya pier

A sunken destroyer near the port of Sevastopol.

Constructed shells for the fort Maxim Gorky.

The Nazis requisitioned Illich's head. Lipen 1942 roku

Vinnytsia. Monument to the sunken ships, a symbol of the place, which seems to be a wonder of the towns

Morska mine

Hot vantage after the bombing. 1942 r_k

Cream. chest 1941 roku. All writings (posters and displays) are in German.

A German officer is walking in the Yalta area. 1942 r_k

The symbol of the defense of Sevastopol, Krim - the girl sniper, Lyudmila Pavlichenko, who, until the end of the war, spared the lives of 309 Germans [incl. 36 snipers], becoming the most successful female sniper in history.

The main battery installation No. 1 of the 35th coastal battery of Sevastopol has been reduced.
The 35th coastal battery became the basis of the artillery power of the defenders of Sevastopol and fired at the enemy until the last shell was fired. The Germans were never able to strangle our batteries either with artillery fire or aircraft. On the 1st day of 1942, the 35th battery fired the remaining 6 direct-guided shells at the enemy's advantage, and on the night of the 2nd day, the battery commander, Captain Leshchenko, organized the fire of the battery.
Location: Sevastopol, Crimea
Winter time: 07/29/1942

Destroyed Radyansky light double-bash tank T-26 near Sevastopol.
Cherven 1942r.

Control bombing at the entrance to Pivnichnaya Bay of Sevastopol.

Women and children evacuated from Sevastopol disembark from the leader of the destroyer "Tashkent" at the port of Novorossiysk.
Location: Novorossiysk, Krasnodar region
Hour of winter: 1942

One of the production workshops of the Sevastopol underground military special plant No. 1. The plant was located in the adits of the Trinity Beam and fired 50-mm and 82-mm artillery mines, hand and anti-tank grenades, and mortars. Having fought right up to the end of the defense of Sevastopol in the Red Rock of 1942.

Fireworks at the graves of fellow combat pilots who died near Sevastopol on April 24, 1944.
The inscription on the tombstone from the corner of the flight stabilizer: “Here the deceased died in the battles for Sevastopol of the Guard, Major Ilyin - an attack pilot and a veteran guard shooter, Senior Sergeant Semchenko. Pokhovany by military comrades on May 14, 1944.” The photo was taken near the outskirts of Sevastopol.

Zander. German soldiers look at the Harmati of the 19th century.

German soldier on Sudak street. In the distance is Miss Alchak.

On the tsyogorichnogo "Children's World" (colossal sewing factory).
Self-propelled gun SU-152 of the 1824th important self-propelled artillery regiment near Simferopol.
Winter time: 04/13/1944

Tank T-34 on the street of Sevastopol. Traven 1944

A Radyansky soldier displays a Nazi swastika from the gate of the metallurgical plant. Voykov near the village of Kerch. The rest of the place was cleared from the fireplaces on the 11th quarter of 1944.

Military servicemen will take the German Messerschmitt Bf.109 abandoned in Crimea.

Sevastopol, 1941 r_k.
A German bomber crashed over the site. Striletska Bay.

Traven 1942 rock. Radyanskiy army. Shvidshe for everything, photo taken on the Kerch Peninsula

Radyansky anti-aircraft gunners near the liberated Sevastopol. 1944 r_k.

Column of full Germans in 1944.

The German heavy duty 210-mm armored Moerser 18 carries fire.
Such shells, among others, entered the warehouse
grouping of tax artillery near Sevastopol

Mortar "Karl" in a firing position near Sevastopol, 1942.

Stovbur 600 mm mortar "Karl"

According to the data, the command of the Sevastopol defense region did not immediately believe that the Germans near Sevastopol had equipment of this class, although the commander of the 30th battery, G. Alexander, confirmed that they would conduct the fire with unprotected armor. Only a special photograph of the shell, which did not explode, is worth the order of the people (on the gate there was an inscription: “The height of the people is 180 cm, the height of the shell is 240 cm”), the commanders of the old harmath-monsters were renamed, after which about this arrived in Moscow. It was said that approximately 40 hundreds of “Karliv” shells did not burst into flames, but exploded without hesitation, into a few large pieces.
Non-corrosive 600 mm. a shell that landed on the 30th coastal defense battery. Sevastopol, 1942

420-mm mortar "Gamma" (Gamma Mörser kurze marinekanone L/16), manufactured by Krupp.
Installed in a position near Sevastopol, located on the newly formed 459th artillery battery of the 781st artillery regiment (1 round)

German armored vehicle "Dora" (caliber 800 mm, weight 1350 tons) in position near Bakhchisarai. The battle was fought during the assault on Sevastopol to destroy the defensive fortifications, but through the distance (the minimum firing range is 25 km) positions for the purposes of fire were ineffective. With 44 shots fired with seven-ton shells, only one was recorded in the distance, which caused a vibration in the ammunition depot on the pivnichny birch of Pivnichnaya Bay, which was located at a depth of 27 m.
Hour of Winter: Cherven 1942

Partisans who took their fate from the freed Crimea. Semeyz on the flooded birch of the Crimean Peninsula. 1944 r_k.

Stunned at the entrance to Primorsky Boulevard, what was lost from the German administration. 1944 r_k.

Vinnytsia. Pivdennaya Bay. In the foreground is a German self-propelled artillery mount StuG III. 1944 r_k.

Lieutenant Kovalov’s Girnicho-Streltsky squadron retires from delivering ammunition to the front line, as well as transporting domestic donkeys. Krim, kviten 1944 fate.
Location: Krim, Kerch region

Evacuation of Radian fighters from the Kerch region. The wounded are taken to a special screen on the krill of the letak Po-2. 1942 r.

A German machine gunner, equipped with an MG-34 machine gun, in a battle near the steppe near Krimu.
To the left of the machine gun there is a spare drum magazine for the machine gun, right-handed - a belt and ammunition stowage elements.
Behind the background is a PaK-36 anti-tank gun with a rozrakhunk.
Winter time: 01/07/1942

German soldiers are guarding Radian positions from a trench on the Perekop Isthmus.
Place of occupation: Perekop, Ukraine, SRSR
Hour of winter: Zhovten 1941

The sinkings of the Radyansky sanitary transport "Abkhazia" near the Sukharniya Baltsa of Sevastopol. The ship was sunk on June 10, 1942. As a result of the German aircraft, a bomb hit the aft part. The destroyer "Vilniy" was also sunk, losing 9 bombs.
Vinnytsia. 1942r.

Anti-aircraft guns of the armored train "Zaliznyakov" (armored train No. 5 of the Coastal Defense of Sevastopol) at 12.7-mm large-caliber DShK machine guns (the machine guns are installed on naval pedestals). In the background you can see the 76.2 mm 34-K ship turret mounts.

Heavy flamethrower tank B-2 (f)
Having buried the French B-1 tanks, the Fritzes thought for a long time about what they could do with them. I created: they converted 60 mastodons on flame-throwing machines. On 22 November 1941, we joined the 102nd OBIT (the largest battalion of flamethrower tanks) to the 4th tank group. The 102nd Tank Battalion had 30 B-1bis tanks, of which 24 were flame-thrower and 6 were primary line.

Radyansky armored boats of the Black Sea Fleet project 1125 to the sea. In the background you can see the flooded coast of Krimu in the Yalta region.
The photo shows a single-armoured armored boat of Project 1125. The image in the photo shows the current version of the armored vehicle: one 76-mm round in the front of the T-34 tank, two twin 12.7-mm machine guns and one standard machine gun in the stern.

Partisans near Simferopol

Poloneni, Sevastopol. Traven 1944
Photo: Evgen Khaldey

Mis Khersones, 1944 r_k

The reconstruction of Crimea was an important strategic and military-political object during the Great German War. Having captured it, the Germans could destroy all the shores of the Black Sea under a constant threat and put pressure on the political situation in Turkey, Bulgaria and Rumunia. Before that, Crimea could become a reliable springboard for the Nazis during their invasion of the Caucasus. In addition, bloody battles were fought over this territory. The Germans, staying in the territory of Crimea, committed inhuman and greedy atrocities.

Hitler's plans

On the territory of the pivostrov, the Fuhrer intended to create a new imperial region under the name Gotenland (in translation - “the land is ready”), and Simferopol was going to give a new name Gottsburg (“the place is ready”). After the end of the war, the Nazi leader planned to turn Crimea into one of the areas of German colonization, into which the inhabitants of the Pedn Tyrol would be resettled.

At the end of 1941, Hitler said: “Crimea may be filled with aliens and settled by Germans.”

Occupation of Crimea

In the spring of 1941, most of the territory was occupied by German-Romanian occupiers. Only Sevastopol and Balaklava, which were close to each other, defended heroically. And at the Lipnya 1942 Rock, there will be buryings all over the place.

During the occupation of Crimea, most industrial and civil facilities were barbarically destroyed. The atrocities of the Nazis against the local population were especially brutal.

Policy of total genocide

Since the beginning of the occupation, the guilt of the residents of the village has been evident. The Nazis pursued a policy of complete genocide - they killed everyone, including wives, old people and children. People were drowned in the sea, shot, beaten into gas chambers, thrown alive into deep wells.

Such mass atrocities were eradicated near Simferopol, Sevastopol, Kerch, Feodosia, Evpatoria and other settlements. According to official data, during the hour of occupation the Germans killed, killed or enslaved about 23 thousand civilians in Simferopol, about 70 thousand in Sevastopol, and 43.5 thousand in Kerch.

Mass poverty

The anti-tank river near the village of Bagerevo, which was built near Kerch, became the place of mass poverty of Crimean residents. Here the occupiers shot over 7 thousand people.

Simferopol Regional State Hospital "Chervoniy" has become a real camp of death. There were thousands of executions here, executions were carried out mercilessly. We saw the outbursts when people were doused with gas and spat with live bait. According to official statistics, more than 8 thousand civilians died in this camp.

Near Kerch, 11.5 thousand children, elderly people and women were killed, shot and strangled with toxic gases.

In the spring of 1943, the Germans shot 14 thousand civilians from the Novorossiysk and Taman villages in the Adzhimushka quarries - people did not want to go into slavery.

Near the town of Stary Krim near the beginning of 1944, the fascists buried over 580 wives, old people and children. The occupiers burst into the huts, beat people with clubs, drove them into the streets and beat them, victorious with all the means at hand. During the hour of these atrocities, tanks came in and fired at the houses from tanks and machine guns.

The barbaric setup was dictated by the most extreme wishes of the Reich. The secret order of the German command “Placement to protect the population and the Russian military forces” punished the inhabitants of the occupied territory to be extremely cruel. It was forbidden to show mercy and pity, and those who did not obey the order were given the most severe punishment. A secret circular was also signed, calling to forget about humanity and not to starve the hungry.

The Nazis treated the Radian soldiers in a deserted manner - cruelty, killings and illnesses took the lives of thousands of people. According to eyewitnesses, near Sevastopol, 20-30 captives were carried out and buried as live bait in pits and bomb craters. During the course of excavations this year, 190 such burials were discovered.

The destruction of elementary norms and rules of the military forces led to the death of 2,500 people at the Sevastopol hospital. For 5-6 days the Germans did not give them bread or water, clearly declaring that this was punishment for their involvement in defending the place.

During the defense of Sevastopol in Inkerman, near the adits of the sparkling wine factory, there was a rotted spital. There were wounded soldiers of the Red Army and local residents. The leading corrals of the German-Romanian troops, who were in deep sleep near the camp, set fire to the adits. Residents remembered how they heard wild cries and cries for help, but the Germans could not wait to watch behind this scene of mass death. Over 3 thousand wives, old people, children and soldiers were deprived of this life.

U Lipni born 1942 German units buried the Trinity Tunnel. He had an armored train with 60 red fleets and three hundreds of wounded red army soldiers. The Nazis threw grenades and peroxylin bombs into the tunnel, everyone who was there either suffocated or burned.

Vitrat material for additional traces

Hundreds of Crimean and Radian soldiers became the subject of medical investigations carried out by German doctors. In most cases, non-human testing resulted in death. Large portions of blood were forcibly taken from the captured Red Army soldiers in order to transfuse it to the wounded Germans.

As a result of the experiment, civilians and soldiers were given injections at the backbone, introducing an unknown country, which caused a painful reaction and judges. Since 1942, surgeon Schultz Oskar and pathologist Ober-Arts Künter Kot Fried carried out further investigations of the town's inhabitants - they looked for nirks, plots with vessels and meat on their necks - after which the wounded were killed.

After the liberation of Simferopol, the Radian army found a burial place on the territory of the medicine, where over 10 thousand bodies were discovered. Investigations showed that people died as a result of the investigations.

During the period of occupation to Crimea, 219,625 people were shot, strangled, rolled up, or stolen into slavery.

Barbaric ruins of objects

All trades, cultural, social objects were transformed into ruins. The occupiers burned and destroyed museums, hospitals, monuments, theaters, clubs, children and religious institutions.

The looting and poverty made the panorama “Defense of Sevastopol 1854-1855” famous throughout the world. Libraries were destroyed and rare and valuable copies of books were irrevocably lost.

The Nazis destroyed or transported to Nіmečchini the entire rubbish warehouse and possession of the tram depots. The workers and boilers, engines, cars, combines, tractors, agricultural machinery, sewing equipment, equipment - all objects of industry and manufacturing were recognized as poor.

During the hour of occupation, hundreds of thousands of thin heads, breeding horses and breeding horses, domestic animals and birds were collected from the population. The agricultural lands and vineyards were depleted, and the supply of vegetables and fruits was taken away.

During the hour of their stay in the region, the Germans lost an unforgettable trace. The waste, imposed by the Hitlerites, increased the development of Crimea by dozens of fates.

According to official documents, the total amount of surpluses given to communities, enterprises, organizations and installations in the region is 14,346,421.7 thousand rubles.

At the hour of Another World War, Crimea found itself at the epicenter of the USSR and fascist Germany. We present to your respects a selection of photographs about the fighting in Crimea.

The sinking of the cruiser "Chervona Ukraine" near the Grafskaya pier near Sevastopol

Two-wheeled miniship in the port. 1942 r_k

German officers near Yalta. 1942 r_k

Yalti embankment. Lipen born 1942

After a partisan attack. Breast 1941 rock.

Yalta against the backdrop of snowy mountains. 1942 r_k

Construction of the Palace of Pioneers on Primorsky Boulevard (a large building for the Institute). Vinnytsia. 1942 r_k

Refugees with their belongings. 1942 r_k

Vorontsov Palace. Alupka. Lipen 1942 roku

Vorontsov Palace. Written in German: “Don’t push against the marmur statue.” Lipen 1942 roku

Strilyanina with Flak 88 ships in the Yalta Bay. 1942 r_k

German soldiers on the beach in Crimea. 1942 r_k

Horse bath. Possibly, along the river Kara-Su

The capture of the Germans at the Tatar garden near Krim. 1942 r_k

Vinnytsia. Lipen 1942

Pivdennaya Bay of Sevastopol, the right hand on the mountain is visible Panorama

Prannya odyagu in Sevastopol. Lipen 1942 roku

Sunken ship near the port of Sevastopol

Built shells for the fort Maxim Gorky

The Nazis requisitioned Illich's head. Lipen 1942 roku

Monument to the sinking of ships near Sevastopol. The symbol of the place seems to be the wonder of the destinations

Vantazhivka, who suffered from the bombing

All writings (posters and displays) are in German. Cream. Breast 1941 roku

A German officer is walking in the Yalta area. 1942 r_k

The symbol of the defense of Sevastopol is a girl sniper, Lyudmila Pavlichenko, who, until the end of the war, saved the lives of 309 Germans (including 36 snipers), becoming the most successful female sniper in history ii

Destroyed Radyansky light double-bash tank T-26 near Sevastopol. Cherven 1942 rock

Control bombing at the entrance to Pivnichnaya Bay of Sevastopol

One of the production shops of the Sevastopol underground military special plant No. 1. The plant was located in the adits of the Troitskaya Balka and vibrated 50-mm and 82-mm artillery mines, manual and anti-tank mines grenades, mortars. Having fought right up to the end of the defense of Sevastopol in the Red Rock of 1942.

The photo is visible. Defense of Sevastopol

Fireworks at the graves of fellow combat pilots who died near Sevastopol on April 24, 1944.
The inscription on the tombstone in the corner of the flight stabilizer: “Here are the deceased who died in the battles for Sevastopol of the Guard, Major Ilyin - an attack pilot and a veteran guard shooter, Senior Sergeant Semchenko. Pokhovany by military comrades on May 14, 1944.” Photo taken near the outskirts of Sevastopol

German soldiers look at the 19th century army of Sudak.

Zander. Coastline, view of Miss Alchak

Zander. Coastline, view of the Genoese fortress

View of the coastline from the Genoese fortress

German soldier on Sudak street. In the background is Miss Alchak

Tank on aphids of the Sogorichny "Children's World" (extraordinary garment factory) near Simferopol. Self-propelled gun SU-152 of the 1824th important self-propelled artillery regiment near Simferopol. 13th April 1944

Tank T-34 on the street of Sevastopol. Traven 1944 roku

Simferopol, st. Rosie Luxemburg. On the right is the lower technical school

Kerch, born 1943

Partisans in Yalta. 16 April 1944 - farm Yalti

Sevastopol near the ruins. Velika Morska, born 1944

Military servicemen will take the German Messerschmitt Bf.109 abandoned in Crimea.
Photo by: Evgen Khaldey

A German bomber crashed over the site. Sevastopol, Striletska Bay. 1941 r_k

Radyanskiy army. Most importantly, the photo was taken on the Kerch Peninsula. Traven 1942 roku

Radyansky anti-aircraft gunners near the liberated Sevastopol. 1944 r_k.
Photo by: Evgen Khaldey

Vinishuvachi Yak-9D, 3rd squadron of the 6th GvіAP of the Black Sea Fleet.
Traven born 1944, Sevastopol region

Column of full Germans. 1944 r_k

Corrals of lust are fought on Primorsky Boulevard near Sevastopol

The German heavy duty 210-mm armored Moerser 18 carries fire. Such shells, among others, reached the warehouse of the grouped tax artillery near Sevastopol

Mortar "Karl" in a firing position near Sevastopol, 1942.

Non-corrosive 600 mm. a shell that landed on the 30th coastal defense battery. Sevastopol, 1942
According to the data, the command of the Sevastopol defense region did not immediately believe that the Germans near Sevastopol had equipment of this class, although the commander of the 30th battery, G. Alexander, confirmed that they would conduct the fire with unprotected armor. Only a special photograph of the shell, which did not explode, is worth the order of the people (on the gate there was an inscription: “The height of the people is 180 cm, the height of the shell is 240 cm”), the commanders of the old harmath-monsters were renamed, after which about this arrived in Moscow. It was estimated that approximately 40 hundreds of “Karliv” shells did not burst into flames, but exploded without fail, into a number of large pieces

German armored vehicle "Dora" (caliber 800 mm, weight 1350 tons) in position near Bakhchisarai. Cherven 1942 rock.
The battle was fought during the assault on Sevastopol to destroy the defensive fortifications, but through the distance (the minimum firing range is 25 km) positions for the purposes of fire were ineffective. With 44 shots fired with seven-ton shells, only one was recorded in the distance, which caused a vibration in the ammunition depot on the pivnichny birch of Pivnichnaya Bay, which was located at a depth of 27 m.

Establishment of a firing position for the German naval 800-mm gunship "Dora" near Bakhchisarai. Kviten-traven 1942 rock.
For the fire position of the gigantic 1350-tonne boom, the required double slide wheels with two additional lugs for mounting cranes were required. For the engineering preparation of the position, 1000 sappers and 1500 robotic soldiers, mobilized with the help of local residents, were seen. Zbroy was victorious during the assault on Sevastopol for the ruination of defensive fortifications

Transportation of the vehicle was carried out with the help of several salvage trains, and near Sevastopol, it was delivered with the help of two diesel locomotives with a power of 1050 horsepower. leather The Dory product was delivered in 106 wagons on five trains. The service personnel were transported in 43 carriages of the first train, and the kitchen and masking facilities were also installed there. The erection crane and additional equipment were transported in 16 carriages of another train. Parts of the equipment and the mine itself were transported in 17 wagons to the third warehouse. 20 cars of the fourth train carried a 400-ton, 32-meter barrel and loading mechanisms. The remaining fifth warehouse has a number of 10 wagons transporting shells and powder charges, the wagons have a constant climate of 15 degrees Celsius.

The direct service of the Army was entrusted to the special 672nd artillery division "E" numbering about 500 people under the command of Colonel R. Bova, which consisted of many units, including staff ї and fire batteries. At the warehouse of the headquarters battery there were calculation groups, which worked everything necessary for targeting the purpose of destruction, as well as a platoon of artillery guards, in which, in addition to emergency services (theodolites, stereo tubes), vicorists Infrared technology has improved and is new for that time. Also, until the expansion of the army, the transport battalion, the commandant's office, the mask company and the field bakery were included. In addition, the special warehouse included a field post office and a public post office. Plus, up to the entire division, 20 engineers were assigned to the Krup plant. The commander of the armored force was an artillery colonel. By the time of the war, the number of special warehouses received before the service of the Dora tank reached over 4,000 officers and soldiers.

Aerial photo of the Dory position. Photo from the board of the Ju 87 at Hptm Otto Schmidt, 7. Staffel/St.G.77. A sneaky look at “Dory’s” position at the time of shooting. In the foreground, perhaps, is an anti-aircraft battery.

The hour of preparing the armor before firing consisted of an hour of acquiring a firing position (from 3 to 6 stages) and an hour of assembling all artillery installations (three additions). To achieve a fire position, a plot of 4120-4370 meters was required. When folded, two lifting cranes with diesel engines with a tension of 1000 horsepower were stuck together.

The commander of the 11th Army that attacked Sevastopol, Field Marshal Erich von Manstein, wrote:
“…I am in sight of the Dora gun with a caliber of 800 mm. It was designed for the destruction of the most difficult spores of the Maginot Line, for which there was no chance of vikorism. It was a miracle of artillery technology. The barrel is nearly 30 m long, and the gun carriage reaches the height of a three-top booth. It took nearly 60 transport trains to deliver this miraculously to the firing position using specially laid roads. For this defense, two divisions of anti-aircraft artillery stood ready. In general, none of the wasted money undoubtedly did not produce the desired effect. This fire in one shot destroyed a large ammunition depot on the snowy birch of Pivnichnaya Bay, deposits near the rocks at a depth of 30 m.”

The shutter is made of a wedge type and is loaded with a separate cartridge case. The vertical guidance mechanism was driven by an electro-hydraulic drive, and the horizontal guidance mechanism was due to the fact that the sliding wheels were in line with the appearance of the curves of the singing radius. The opening of the shutter and the release of shells were controlled by hydraulic devices. There are two small wires - one for shells, the other for cartridges. Anti-rollover devices were pneumatic-hydraulic. Stovbur mav cut into minty depth - the first half of the barrel is small, the final cut, the other - cylindrical

Loading: left-handed projectile, two charges and right-handed cartridge case.

Zbroi case "Dora"

American soldiers line up with a Dora shell and casing.
Dzherelo photo: G. Taube. 500 Jahre deutsche Riesenkanonen

Partisans who took their fate from the freed Crimea. Semeyz on the flooded birch of the Crimean Peninsula. 1944 r_k.
Photo by: Pavlo Troshkin

Stunned at the entrance to Primorsky Boulevard near Sevastopol, what was lost from the German administration. 1944 r_k

Vinnytsia. Pivdennaya Bay. In the foreground is a German self-propelled artillery mount StuG III. 1944 r_k.
Photo by: Evgen Khaldey

Lieutenant Kovalov’s Girnicho-Streltsky squadron retires from delivering ammunition to the front line, as well as transporting domestic donkeys. Kerch region, Kviten 1944.
Photo by: Max Alpert

Evacuation of Radian fighters from the Kerch region. The wounded are taken to a special screen on the krill of the letak Po-2. 1942 r.

A German machine gunner, equipped with an MG-34 machine gun, in a battle near the steppe near Krimu. 7 sichnya 1942 rock. To the left of the machine gun there is a spare drum magazine for the machine gun, right-handed - a belt and ammunition stowage elements. Behind the background is a pro-tank gun PaK-36 with a rozrakhunk

German soldiers are guarding Radian positions from a trench on the Perekop Isthmus. Zhovten 1941 fate.
Photo by: Weber

The sinkings of the Radyansky sanitary transport "Abkhazia" near the Sukharniya Baltsa of Sevastopol. The ship was sunk on June 10, 1942 by a German air attack and a bomb hitting the stern. The destroyer "Vilniy" was also sunk and lost 9 bombs

Radyanski Vinishuvachi I-153 "Seagull" over Sevastopol. 1941 r_k

Captured French tank S35 in the warehouse of the 204th German tank regiment (Pz.Rgt.204) near Krimu. 1942 r_k

Having buried the French B-1 tanks, the Fritzes thought for a long time about what they could do with them. I created: they converted 60 mastodons on flame-throwing machines. On 22 November 1941, we joined the 102nd OBIT (the largest battalion of flamethrower tanks) to the 4th tank group. The 102nd Tank Battalion had 30 B-1bis tanks, of which 24 were flame-thrower and 6 were primary line.

A German armored personnel carrier stands among the ruins of a fort near Sevastopol. Serpen 1942 roku

Radyansky armored boats of the Black Sea Fleet project 1125 to the sea. In the background you can see the flooded coast of Krimu in the Yalta region.
The photo shows a single-armoured armored boat of Project 1125. This vehicle is currently in production: one 76-mm round in the rear of the T-34 tank, two twin 12.7-mm machine guns and one standard machine gun in the stern.

Marine infantry of the Black Sea Fleet read newspapers Sevastopol, 1942 r.
Zvazhayuchi for everything, the newspaper "Chervoniy Krim". Editorial office of this newspaper from leaf fall 1941. was reclaimed from Sevastopol.

Sevastopol, sailors' trophy.
Photo by: Evgen Khaldey

Poloneni, Sevastopol. Traven 1944 rock.
Photo by: Evgen Khaldey

Vinnytsia. Traven 1944 rock.
Photo by: Evgen Khaldey

Pralnya, Sevastopol, grass 1944 rock.
Photo by: Evgen Khaldey

Mis Khersones, born 1944 All that was lost to the conquerors

Yuriy Sichkarenko

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