Skіlki dot bіlya sonechka. Semitochkove sonechko - a small beetle, but a great helper

Beetles from the sonechka family are well remembered on leaves, flowers and grass. Their bulging red-black bodies twinkle in the midst of green parks, gardens and cities. The privablivnya zabarvlennya komakhi really frighten. In times of insecurity, the beetle releases the rubbish homeland. For a human being, it is not shkidliva, and the birds do not roam at small bugs. Dear fauna lovers, respect that the little ones are on the back sonechok a few dots are blown. The number of black chicks on the elytra kolivaetsya from 2 to 28. Semitochka sunflower is the most widened species, which grows in parks, fields and gardens.

Morphological description

Semitochkova sonechko (Coccinella septempunctata) is a species that lives throughout Eurasia. This view is the best guest in gardens and cities. Komakhi linger skrіz, de є їm їzha - colonies of popelitsі. The shape of the body of the imago is half a sphere. Vipukli hard nadkryla bright-red color. The greatest infestation is in young imago, with a century of darkness. Black dots rozpodilenі 3 on the dermal layer of the overcrystal and one tanned, ruffled on the escutcheon. Dovzhina imago 7-8 mm.

Cicavia fact. In the legend about the trip, name the coma, it is said that it was sent to the priests for prayers for help in the fight against the shkіdniks. This point symbolizes the joys and sorrows of the Divine Mary.

The small head creaks unruly up to the prothorax. Eyes foldable, faceted, medium sized. The head, chest and lower part of the black color coat. On the bulging, transverse pronotum there are two white patches. Whiskers are black, mace-like. The organ of the scent is perturbed by rottenness and rottenness. The rear wings are kindly discolored, darkened. Zavdyaki їm іmago zdіysnyuyut reshuffle the great vіdstanі. Three pairs of paws with claws and bristles allow you to move along the grass and stalks, climb along the vertical surface.

At the clods, a sprig of cold mechanisms vibrated. Crimea of the foreign zabarvlennya cows pretend to be dead. The stench presses the kіntsіvki to the body, they fall down and die. One of the ways to fight the head horns (spider, great coma) is to see the native land, which smells pungently, from the swamps.

Roseeveryday

Coccinellaseptempunctata grows in the steppe zone of Russia, in Siberia, Primorsky Krai. Komakha is bagged in gardens and parks in Europe, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Mongolia, China and Korea. A popular type of expansion in India and Pivnichniy Africa.

Cicavia fact. To control the popelits' population, the seven-spot cow was imported to the USA. Komakha is badly acclimatized in Pivnichnaya America. The beetle has taken root only in a few states: Ohio, Tennessee, Massachusetts, New Hampshire.

Way of life and reproduction

Komakhi live okay. They are selected in groups only during the period of reproduction and winter. The period of mating sonia falls on the end of spring and the ear of summer. For the female, it is important for the mother to have a sufficient supply alive speeches, necessary formation of offspring. If she didn’t eat enough, then steaming is unique. The male jokes with a pheromone partner that they see.

The female is charged to lay the clutch on the lower part of the leaf. The place is selected near the colony of popelits. Eggs orange, vidovzhenoї form. The skin deposit has up to 50 pieces. Eggs are to be hatched with a large wedge 1.2 mm, fixed in a vertical position. The female lays 250-1000 eggs for her life.

An hour for the development of the embryo to lie at a temperature - at 15 ° it will be 4 days, at 30 ° - 2 days. The growth of the larvae with a population of less than 1 mm. Її the first time, the shell of the eggs and the embryos died. Juvenile larvae vysmoktuyut z popelitsі rіdina. The world has grown up and stinks of eating whole vidobutok. After a month of active eating, it will grow to a height of 8-10 mm.

Lower segmented body pofarbovane in dark gray colors. Zhovt's head, from the sides of the chest, and that cuticle is known to be yellow. The larva's coat is covered with outgrowths that end with black hairs. Rukhlivy kіntsіvki secure mobility. The careless larva actively feeds on the popelitsyu that eats eggs. The development period includes the change of several century groups and three lines. Let's wait for the lyalkova stage.

Cicavia fact. In 1976, roci in England became the sleepers of the mass reproduction of sonechok. Komakhs didn’t get hung up, the stench attacked all the sleep. Bites of human bites have been recorded, but the stench must not become unbearable.

In front of the lyalechka, the larva of the fourth century is hungry for prey. Kіntsem cherevtsya prikriplyuєtsya to roslini i zalyalkovuєtsya. Lyalka orange color with black patches. Loan stage 8-12 days, with high temperature pass faster. The husk of the lyalechka is expanded along the back. The young seven-pointed sonechko appears behind the soft curves of the overcryl. Її body is not zabarvlene. Outside pigmentation is close to the day.

Close view

Dvotochkove sonechko lives in Russia and throughout the Central Western Europe. A modest body size of 5 mm does not zavazhayut beetle buti active blaming popelitsi in the fields, gardens and parks. Komakha bula was introduced to Australia to fight against the thieves. Sonechka comes in light and dark forms. The first one is rudim with chervonim zabarvlennyam, the other is black with chervonim plamas. View є v_domim entomophage on fruit trees. The beetles give priority to the popelets, who live on apple trees, plums and peaches.

In the middle of the summer, the two-colored shorts are broadened by other roslins. You can use it on grain crops, herbs, vegetables. Fertile females lay up to 600 eggs. For rivers, 2-3 generations change.

Cicavia fact. For two-pointed cores, anomalous spiving of articles is typical. In okremy colonies, the number of females becomes 70-80%.

Sonechko shkіdnik or pomіchnik

The world has over 4000 sights of the sun. All huts stink behind rare vines. Ale deyakі see comakhs gorchuyutsya rosliny, zavdayuchi shkodi silskomu gospodarstva. Phytophages vvazhayut for better settlement in the tropics, in Russia grow 3 dewy species: potato or 28-pointed, alfalfa and beztochkova korіvka. Semitochkove sonechko shkіdnik chi nі? You can say unequivocally - no. The beetle brings mischief to the city dwellers, keeping under control the number of popelits, scutes, whiteflies and spider mites. For the booty, 60-100 popelits are paid.

Information. Sonechok is specially bred and vicoristed in the fight against irrigated crops. They are thrown off at the middle of the wide popelitsy for additional aviation.

Active watering on shkidnikiv is carried out from spring to autumn. The trivality of the life of a coma is to lie down in the amount of money, in the middle it becomes 3-4 months, but when good food that kindly mind will grow up to 1 year. For the winter, the beetles gather in large groups. In the cold weather they are hovering under the growing lattices, at the cracks of the stumps, under the stones.

Natural enemies

Sonechko is an arthropod coma, which can be seen up to the corral of the zhorstkokrill, the family of the sonechka (Coccinellidae).

Did the name of the sun appear?

The sonechko took away the scientific name of the sun to its unusually bright zabarvlenny - the Latin word "coccineus" suggests the concept of "chervoniy". And the common people's prizviska, with which they blessed the sun in the rich lands of the world, to talk about the shame and sympathy of people to the point of coma. For example, in Germany and Switzerland, it is known as the “bug of the Divine Mary” (Marienkaefer), in Slovenia and the Czech Republic, the sun is called “Sonechko” (Slunecko), and a lot of Latin Americans know it as “the cow of St. Anthony” (Vaquita de San Antonio).

Pokhodzhennya Russian name Sonechka is not exactly visible. Some of the older ones are shirked to the version that it was connected with the zdatnist comakhi in times of need they saw "milk" - a special otruynu motherland (hemolymph), like a chizhakiv. And "god" means lagidna, innocent. Inshі vvazhayut, scho prizvisko "sonechka" tsі komakhi otrimali through those who live in poverty and save the birth.

However, deyaki sonechka їdyat only roslinna їzhu. My diet includes mycelium mushrooms, sawdust roslin, their leaves, flowers and fruits.

How do dormouse reproduce? Stages of development of sonia

The statutory maturity of the individual dormouse reaches a period between 3 and 6 months of life. The period of reproduction of sonia starts in the middle of spring. Having gained strength after leaving the winter hibernation or after the flight, the stench proceeds to mating. The male knows the person for the specific smell that she sees in the period. The female Sonechko lays eggs on the roslins near the colony of popelits, in order to secure the offspring with a reserve of hedgehogs. Sonia's eggs, attached to the lower side of the leaves, form an oval shape with slightly ringing tips. The surface can have a wrinkled texture and it is turned into yellow, orange or white color. Number of eggs at the treasure chest 400 pcs. Unfortunately, after the happy season, the females die.

Sonechka's eggs

After 1-2 tyzhnі z vіdkladenikh yaєts z'yavlyayutsya lineally larvae of sonia oval or flat form. The top of their body can be covered with thin bristles or hairs, and the little ones on the body of the dentures are yellow, orange and white.

In the first days of their life, the larvae eat the shell of the egg, from which they have hatched, as well as the unlaid eggs or the eggs from the dead embryo. Having gained strength, the larvae of the sonechok proceed to the bottom of the popelits colonies.

Sonyechka larva

The larval stage develops the coma after about 4-7 days, after which the larvae appear.

Lyalechka is attached to the leaves of the growth with remnants of the exoskeleton of the larva. During this period, all parts of the body characteristic of coma are laid. After 7-10 days from the cocoon, a person has matured, which is fully formed.

Lyalechka Sonechka

Korist and Skoda Sonechok

The indifference of hutted sonechok and their larvae has long been bringing misery to gardens, cities, and crops of cultivated growths in the rich countries of the world. If the larva of the sonia is able to live close to 50 individuals of the popelitsya a day, then the sonia has grown up and can take up to 100 individuals of the popelitsya for production. In order to clean the agricultural fields of the earth from the shkidniks, the populations of the cows should be specially bred on special enterprises and, with the help of aviation, to be sprayed over the fields and plantations infected with the shkidniks.

However, the roslinoids see korivok, which live mainly in the subtropical and tropical regions of Pivdennoy and Pivdenno-Skhidnoy Asia, the buildings of the great school of rural settlements. On the territory of Russia, there are also sprats of sonia, which grow potatoes, tomatoes, cistern, and also beetroots.

From long ago, people adored the sun and worshiped it. Ancient words respected її the messenger of the Goddess Sontsya. With the help of the stench, the future weather passed. The beetle, which looked at the valleys, announced a good clear day, and the lump, which could be left on the hands, conveyed indignation.
In some light cultures, the heads of shkodi are hindered, and more often they drive in these coma, so as not to cause inaccuracy.
For a long time in the western lands, people believed that the sun is a symbol of good luck. The image of a red beetle on clothes or other embellishments was considered a talisman.
To this day, impersonal marks have been preserved, tied with a cloak. The stinks always move more than good podії. Sonechko, who sat on his hand, dressed, haired, cannot be banished, so as not to spoil fortune. She flew into the house of the sun to bring peace, harmony, tranquility to him, and for the childless families, the appearance of an unbarred child. Porahuvavshie kolkіst plyam on nadkryla sonechka, you can recognize, skіlki bude advancing rock in the distant months.
For vchenih dosі zalishaєtsya riddle shorіchny polit sonechok for winter. The bugs always turn once in a chosen place. It is not possible to explain this phenomenon with the memory of a coma, the shards through the short trivality of their life in the old month of winter turn a new generation.
The larva of the sonechka was hungry, choked with a joke of a hedgehog, it is possible to hem up the “magnificence” for the clods of a vіdstan – 12 meters.
The larvae of these cute bugs can be cannibals, feeding on their relatives, as if they had not yet hatched from eggs.

Why is the beetle called the sunflower?

Beetles coccinelids are often called sonechki, moreover, different peoples the light of їhnє іm'ya, so chi іnakshe, may be divinely significant.

God's Korivka- Poland, Russia, Romania, Lithuania.
Korіvka Moses - Israel.
Korіvka St. Anthony (Vaquita de San Antonio) - Argentina.
Beetle of St. Mary ("Marienkaefer") - Nіmechchina, Austria, Switzerland.
Hen of God ("Roulette a Dieu") - France.
Bird of the Virgin Mary - Made in the States of America, Canada, England.

There are no signs of unambiguous evidence of nutrition. Let's try to figure out why it's so, inspire a logical liar with a path.

Pokhodzhennya words "korіvka" may be due to the zahisnym functions of tsієї komakhi, and to itself, from її biological authority to release from the paws of the rubbish homeland - the milk of the yellow color, to serve as an indulgence for those who want to kiss the god's animal. The milk itself could serve as an analogy, so that the coma was called a cow.

Ale stars in different cultures the light of such love and tremulous setting to the sun? Everything can be guessed from the childishness of roses, that the sun cannot be depicted, but as if you were out of sight, it is necessary to put him on the palm and move a pretty little virshik: “Sonechko, fly to the sky, bring us bread, black, white, not even burnt” or “Sonechko, fly to the sky, your children are there, eat tsukerki - one by one, but you are welcome!” I'm right, you're angry!

So the axis, it’s possible to explain to Tim that God's Korivka even more beautiful for people; Sonechko є hizhakom and maybe for 1 day sіsti more than two hundred coma. Axis people and remembered, there de rich sonechok - plant a rich harvest and respected її the messenger of God, zvіdsi th name.

Sunny eats aphids.

But remember, we were told that for the number of dots on the back of the sonechka you can name how many years? Tse bula pardon. In fact, the sonechka lives for many months up to 1 year and rarely lives up to two years. And the axis of their points on the back defines their appearance, stinks are called 2-point, 7-point, 27-point, etc.

The sonechko could take away its name for the rahunka of the arrogant and bright-eyed zabarvlennya. It sounds like Latin “coccinellidae” - like “coccineus”, which means “red”. The common people prizvisko, as they gave away the qomakh, to tell about the sympathy of people to the qiєї coma. The Czechs, for example, call it a sonechka, the Germans call it the bug of the Divine Mary.

Similar names are vicorists of Latin Americans, as if to talk about her, like about the cow of St. Anthony.

Precisely, the name of the Russian commissary is unknown. Deyakі doslidniki seem that here, perhaps, there is a link between schilnistyu comakhi see milk from different nebezpeki. In fact, speech is toxic and it is hemolymph, which affects hyzhakiv. The word "god" is a kind of symbol of innocence, lagidness.

Other vcheni vvazhayut, nibi vіdpovіdna tsikh komakh appeared to the one who stench strongly protect the harvest, oppressing shkіdnikіv.

Outstanding features

The individual has grown up to a size of 4 to 10 mm. Behind the shape of the body and the lumps are flat at the bottom, round, oval and strongly bulging at the top. Okremi see the surface, covered with miniature hairs. Tіlo mає so budіvlі:

head;
pronotum, which is composed of three vіddіlіv;
chest;
paws - three bets;
cherevets;
that wing covered.

The head is covered with miniature rosemaries, articulated with unbroken prothorax, it is sometimes twisted (fallen in the form of a coma). The eyes are large, the whiskers include 8 to 11 segments, milk the bellies. The pronotum behind the bud is transverse, swollen, in front there is a small viriz. Quite often the beasts are spitted in different forms by whips. The hindchest is practically square, similar to the curly mid-chest.

Die on long legs 6 pieces. On the skin of them - one member of the attached type and 3 explicit ones. Vikoristovuyuchi їх, komakha zdatna peresuvatisya stems of roslin.

The abdomen includes 5 to 6 segments, yaki covered with segments at the sight of a drink. They are called sternites.

For the benefit of the sonechka, two rear krills are zadnіh. The front ones for the long century of evolution were transformed into a single overlay. Ninі stinks play the role of a sour shell, the docks of a bug povzaє the earth. Cantharidin, which is a sour motherland of yellow color, mature individuals lure for the breeding of birds and other huts. The smell of the new is specific and works quite effectively.

Also, on potential unkind people, there is an effect of a scare zabarvlennya. The color of the komakhi can be black-chervonim, yellow, dark blue black or brown. Flames on the shkіrі can be shaken up for the configuration and be red, white, yellow.

In other sights, they rage with patches, setting up their own vizierunki, just like in others, the stench of our day. Most often on the pronotum, the visor can indicate the beetle's underlay.

Classification by species

In a zagalom, the family will go over 4000 species, subdivided into 7 families, yak, at their own side, unite 360 flats. You can recognize the most original and seemingly original representatives:

Dvotochkova. The length of the body of the beetle becomes 5 mm. Dark-red nadkryla and black cyatki of great rosemary. The anterior keel on the prothorax is daily. On the front wall there is a yellow oblamika on the side, and the very part of the body is black in color.
Semitochkov. On the territory of the European borderlands, this species is the most widespread. Yogo sizes vary from 7 to 8 mm. Nadkryla chervonі, at їх the bases are present on one white plіyамі miniature roses and 3 more for black colori. There is a flame on the spot.
12-point. This beetle has a fold of 6 mm. Nadkryla red chi erysipelas, and skin of them - 6 points each.
13-point. The body stink is lower, the rosemary is kolivaetsya vіd 5 to 7 mm. On the red-brown wings, there are 13 patches, okremі z yakikh podednі among themselves.
14-point. The main color of this mind is black or yellow. For example, krill are zabarvlenі in Zhovtiya, then their speckles are black, and navpaki. Tilo may extend up to 3.5 mm. This species is shown in the European countries.
Asian. Dovzhina from the head to the edge of the cuticle is folded 7 mm. Here, two podvids are separated, in one of them they were tipped in a yellow color and black chickweeds. Beyond the world, the stench can be dribnimi and great. The prothorax of the white vein is embellished with a black visor. Another variety of maє black overcryl, on which you can clearly see 19 red or orange patches.
Minliva. Rosemary body size 5.5 mm. The pronotum is black, embellished with two yellow patches. The bill of the shield is also one great flame. Zhovta oblyamіvka framing the edges of the front wall.

Є y іnshі rіznоvidi, vаrі respect. Sonechko's eye is often a big coma. Dovzhina tіla in the new can be 10 mm. The head and back in front are black, embellished with dots of yellow color. The presence of light rims on the overcryls is a characteristic rice. Another type is alfalfa 24-point, shkidnik agricultural crops. A small beetle can have a deep body length of troch more than 4 mm. The body is near the new red carpet, sipane with 24 dribbling black patches.

Krapkovy looking vvazhayetsya dosit rіdkіsnim. Thin and frizzy villi cover his brown red body. The individual has grown up rarely more than 4.5 mm. There are no characteristic points here.

At the same time, a sprat of variations of species is transferred to the genus Sospita. Varieties of Halyzia sedecimguttata may have an orange-colored infestation of the body and a faceless white flecks. You can practice yoga in the British Isles and other parts of Europe. Anatis labiculata is characterized by light gray and white color of the body. Halmus chalybeus is a unique species of blue bugs that lives on the territory of Australia.

Rose area every day

These unique comaxes could spread across all climatic zones and are present on any continent. Zustriti їх is not possible anymore in Antarctica and in some other areas, where there is permafrost. The stinks live in Europe, in the lands of the SND. Exotic species grow in Pakistan, India and Pivdenniy America. The stench lingers in the USA and Canada, as well as in the lands of Asia.

Okremy species deserve to live on roslins, de sack a colony of popelits. Others settle on the borders of those osots, which grow the ridges of the rivers and other water bodies. Zreshtoy, the third live on the polovyh roslins.

Nezalezhno vіd nalezhnostі to be-what kind of cі bugs volіyut vіdokremlenіy sposіb zhittya. The stench is picked up at once less for winter and shifts, and also for the hour of the slubny period. Sonechka is vvazhayutsya by thermophilic clods, that is why most of the individuals, like growing up in calmer latitudes, move to warm lands for the winter, huddling near the majestic gray.

Vodnocha okremі volіyut lead osiliy way of life. The stench hibernates, huddled up to majestic groups up to dozens of millions of individuals. To call such a mass, you can take a sprat of tons. This way of wintering protects coma from unfriendly minds.

Sound the sonechka to rise up under the leaves, under the bark of trees, climb under the stone. Speaking about those, skilki live and beetles, it is necessary to evaluate your mind. As a rule, they can live more and more. If you don’t get enough food, the hour of life can be shortened to a few months.

Features of eating

In the midst of the presented rіznomanіttya, the sonechok mayyzhe all see act in the role of hizhakіv. To be more specific about what these beetles eat, then it is necessary for us to name the ticks and the pope. Likewise, yaskravim bugs should be lasuvati:

blizzard eggs;
caterpillars of small rosemaries;
coma.

If you don’t feed, the stench of eating eggs of the Colorado potato beetle. Є okremі tipi, yakim podobєє vykljuchno roslinna їzha. The stench can vicariously:

roslin files;
mycelium fungi;
fruit, kill that leaf.

Reproduction of beetles

Between the third and sixth months, the foundation of a person reaches state maturity. Their reproduction begins in the middle of the day. Until that moment, the stink is gaining strength after a sleep or a flight. The male can recognize the representative of the female status for a special smell, which is seen in the blue period.

Vіdkladannya yaєts zdіysnyuєtsya female near the colony of popelitsі. To fight on purpose, so that the offspring will be safe necessary meals. Oval-shaped eggs are fixed on the underside of the leaf. Their surface is wrinkled, dressed in white abo zhovty vіdtinok. In one clade there can be up to 400 eggs. It's a pity, after the end of the mother's season, the females will die.

Strokatі larvae z'yavlyayutsya through kіlka tizhnіv. The stench may have a flat or oval shape, and the surface of their body is covered with hairs or bristles of a fine structure and is marked with a visor from white and orange patches. In the first days of life, the larvae eat the shell of an egg, which smells like a stink, and later they start to eat other coma, a popelitsy zocrema.

After the stage of the larvae, which lasts from 4 to 7 tyzhniv, a lyalechka is formed. It will fasten on the leaves of the roslin for help to the exoskeleton. At this hour, the laying of parts of the body of the coma is being laid. After 7 days, the imago appears, so that the person has grown up, fully formed and ready for life.

Korist that Skoda

Hizhi bugs dosit unpretentious, and carried insane retribution to people. The stench is rapidly spreading on the crops near the cities. So stinks inhabit cultural trees in people's gardens. It is known that the larva can live up to 50 individuals of small parasites, and the grown-ups eat two more. People have long remembered such a peculiarity and specially breed populations of beetles on agricultural lands. Such an approach is considered effective for cleaning plantations and watering from crops.